When the pace of urbanization is accelerating, when “aluminum section copper†has become a national strategy, the aluminum conductor cable that has been “hidden†in the past has finally begun to boldly “clause†with copper conductor cables. Previously, aluminum conductor cables have been considered as "bad substitutes" for copper conductor cables.
With the change of the big environment, this time the aluminum conductor cable has attracted a full attention. Aluminium conductor cable can be really "respectively" for this time? Which problems will it face?
Aluminum conductor cable “long drought†finally welcomes “dewâ€
From the sneaky production to the transformation into the core issue of the industry conference - this is a true reflection of the experience of aluminum conductor cable in the past decades. With the implementation of national strategies such as the construction of urbanization and the development of the western region, aluminum conductor cables have become more active in the face of these opportunities, and the appearance rate has also been increasing.
However, can aluminum conductor cable be up to the task?
Academician Huang Chongji who has served the cable industry for more than 60 years is a famous expert in the field of non-ferrous metals in China. In recent years, he has been working to promote aluminum conductor cables in China: “At present, the use of aluminum conductor cables has become a major trend in the world, in this respect There have been many national practices and our country should try."
“The concept of aluminum alloy cable has gradually been accepted by the domestic market in recent years and the market usage has grown rapidly. It can be predicted that the application of aluminum alloy cable in China will continue to rise,†wrote Liu Bin of the Shanghai Cable Research Institute in a recent article.
From the past short-term behavior of the enterprise to the present, it has been a long-term solution for the industry. The once surging aluminum conductor cable living environment has finally improved in recent years. Whether it is the industry, business, or users, the attitude of all parties to aluminum conductor cables has clearly shifted.
Aluminum and copper "changes"
Before the 1970s, the wire and cable industry successively developed products such as aluminum rows, aluminum strands, aluminum core insulated electric cables and aluminum-clad steel wires. The amount of aluminum conductors accounted for more than 60% of the total conductor usage.
“However, by the mid-1980s, aluminum cables gradually exposed problems during use. In particular, the increase in contact resistance at aluminum wire joints caused multiple fires. In addition, at the time when copper prices were low, the application of conductors gradually became Copper is the main product. After the 1990s, China's copper-core cable gradually monopolized the market and dominated the market, Liu Bin said.
Huang Chongji emphasized that what is now referred to as "aluminum section copper" is by no means the policy of "aluminum substitutes copper" advocated in the 1960s and 1970s because copper was classified as a defense material at that time and it was difficult for foreign countries to block imports. However, the current meaning is whether it is necessary to use copper or copper. In the case where copper is also available, aluminum can be applied to aluminum by scientific demonstration and practical application.
This is a rational analysis of the aluminum conductor cable. In fact, there are many rational applications in many parts of the world.
In Europe, for example, power cables, overhead insulated cables, and mobile cables in countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, and the Netherlands, a large number of aluminum core conductors with solid round aluminum or fan wires are used. 36/66 kV, produced by the Dutch NKF cable factory, 87/ 150 kV and 127/220 kV single-core high-voltage cables with a cross section up to 1200 mm2 are solid aluminium conductors. The supply of copper in China is less than 30% and it needs to be imported in large quantities, similar to the situation in France, but more than 60% of French power cables use aluminum and its alloy conductors. The North American market developed aluminum conductor materials and cable products suitable for cable use as early as 40 years ago, and has extensive operating experience. The safety and reliability have been fully verified, and it has an absolute market advantage in low-voltage construction and installation.
However, in China, users' awareness of aluminum conductor cables is still limited. "Right now users still have great prejudice against aluminum conductor cables, and marketing is still more difficult," said an industry insider who declined to be identified.
Aluminum conductor cable outstanding performance
Compared with the same specification of the cable, the conductivity of the aluminum conductor is 61% of copper. Although there is a gap between the conductivity and the copper core cable, it is mentioned that the aluminum conductor cable is because of its excellent performance.
“On the premise of meeting the same conductivity, the weight of aluminum conductor cable is only half that of the same current-carrying copper cable. Using aluminum conductor cables instead of copper cables can reduce the weight of cables, reduce installation costs, and reduce equipment and cable wear. At the same time, aluminum conductors are much more flexible than copper and have very good bending properties. They have smaller bending radii when installed, making it easier to connect terminals.†Liu Bin said.
This view has been recognized by other experts in the industry. Wu Changshun, director of the National Wire and Cable Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, believes that aluminum conductors have greatly improved aluminum bending, corrosion resistance, and mechanical processing by adding trace amounts of iron, silicon, magnesium, and other elements in aluminum and forming alloy materials after processing. Heat resistance, mechanical strength and other properties.
In addition, the cost advantage also allows the aluminum conductor cable "capital" to upgrade. Since 2013, copper prices have been around 50,000 yuan/t, aluminum has been around 10,000 yuan/t, and aluminum prices are only about 1/4 that of copper. Considering the same electrical performance, the weight of aluminum is only For 1/2 of the copper material, that is, if the pure aluminum cable is used, the price of the aluminum conductor is only 1/8 of the price of the copper conductor, and the price difference is huge.
Due to its advantages in weight compared to copper conductors, aluminum conductor cables also have certain advantages in engineering installations and in reducing transportation funds.
“With the continuous increase in the cost of labor and the increasingly tight schedule requirements for construction projects, the emergence of aluminum conductor cables has just adapted to this demand. The weight has been greatly reduced, and the requirements for materials such as cable fixing brackets and bridges have also been reduced. At the same time, the installation of cables is also more diverse. It can even be fixed on the wall by simple clamps.†Huang Xiaoxing, Shanghai Cable Research Institute, is quite optimistic about this.
"Long drought" of aluminum conductor cable finally welcomes "dew"
At present, China's construction industry, metallurgical industry, chemical industry, etc. are facing greater development and adjustment, coupled with the acceleration of urbanization rhythm, the temperature difference in the central and western regions is large, the span is long, and the distance is long, and the aluminum conductor cable cost advantage is very obvious. This is a great business opportunity for its development. Therefore, from the perspective of national policies, aluminum conductor cables are likely to be replaced by copper conductors as they develop and continue to be optimized. It is reported that at present, China has started to formulate relevant national regulations and industry standards for aluminum conductor single and aluminum conductor power cables, and it is currently in the approval stage.
“At present, the energy industry standard for rated voltage 0.6/1 kV aluminum alloy conductor XLPE insulated cables has been submitted for approval. It is expected that it will be released in the second half of 2013.†said Chen Kun, senior consultant of Shanghai Cable Research Institute.
According to market speculation, after the introduction of the standard, one of the largest users of wire and cable, State Grid, will be expected to include aluminum conductor cables in its procurement list, and aluminum conductor cables will gain greater room for development.
Therefore, under the current favorable policy background, how can China's wire and cable manufacturers correctly understand the superiority and low cost of aluminum conductor cables? How to invest more human and material resources in the research and development of aluminum conductor cables? These are not only imminent real issues, but also realistic issues that will win the vast market in the future.
At present, information at the national level and in the industry has shown that during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, China's wire and cable market capacity will increase at an annual rate of 8% to 9%, but it should also be noted that during this period the cable industry must get rid of copper. Over-reliance. At present, there are only a handful of manufacturers with the ability to produce aluminum conductor cables. The ideal estimate is only about dozens of companies.
On the whole, cable companies can plan and develop according to their own development, and jointly develop this "fertile soil".
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