1. Try to use pollution-free pesticides or high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides such as baking soda to prevent powdery mildew; potassium permanganate can prevent vegetable virus disease; thiabendazole (Tecto) can control gray mold; spray nitrogen sugar solution (called nutrition control) can prevent downy mildew; Aifuding emulsifiable concentrate can prevent root-knot nematode disease and spotted fly, etc.; è™± è™± çµ can prevent whitefly è™±; anti-èšœå¨ can control aphids; chlorpyrifos No. 3, taibao Pesticides such as thiazolone, Nongmengite, and Kadike can control pests such as cabbage caterpillars and diamondback moths.
2. According to the law of occurrence of pests and diseases, timely use of vegetable diseases, usually in the early stage of the disease, if it is serious, the drug is used, the effect is not good. Some diseases, such as gray mold, the main infection of the petals, followed by stigma, small fruit. According to the law of infection of the bacteria, the prevention and treatment are advanced to the flowering period, and the effect is very good. Another example is the control of pests, which are generally used according to the control indicators. For lepidopteran larvae, the spray should be before the age of 3, otherwise the effect will be poor.
3. Do not arbitrarily increase the concentration of the drug, the number of days of spraying should be strictly enforced in general chemical control, spraying the drug once every 6-7 days, spraying the pests for 10-15 days; pay attention to the quality of the spray, all parts must be sprayed On, can not be missed, especially the lower leaves. If you want to spray the front and back, the opposite side of the leaves should be sprayed. It must not be sloppy, otherwise the effect is not good. When using the 2,4-D anthers, you should pay special attention to the concentration. The concentration should not be large, and the flowers should not be repeated. Otherwise, the fruit Malformation occurs. If 2,4-D is accidentally sprayed on the leaves, even if the concentration is small, phytotoxicity will occur and the leaves will become chicken-claw.
4. To comply with the pesticide safety interval, because pesticides have residual problems, you can not fight drugs today, and vegetables will be harvested tomorrow. Therefore, during the vegetable harvesting period, you should pay attention to the safety interval of pesticides. Different pesticides require different safety intervals. . For example, the safety interval of quetiapine pesticides is 14 days; the interval between dexamethasone, mancozeb and carbendazim pesticides is 15 days; dimethoate, trichlorfon, metalaxyl (retroviral), triadimefon, and hundred The interval between pesticides such as bacteriophage and ketone was 7 days; the interval between pesticides such as phoxim, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos and thiophanate was 5 days; the interval between pesticides and pesticides was 3 days.
5. Protected vegetables use tobacco or dust pesticides because of the high humidity of the protected area. When using tobacco and dust pesticides to prevent pests and diseases, no water will be added, and the humidity will not increase. The effect will be good; cloudy and rainy days can be controlled as usual. Not affected. The spray liquid is different, you must choose sunny, otherwise the effect is not good. Moreover, the use of smoke agents or dusting agents and pesticides saves labor, and the residues generally do not exceed the standard, and the application advantages in the protected vegetables are numerous.
6. Look at the sky, see the seedlings used to spray the liquid generally choose sunny, windless (or wind is very small) weather. When the temperature is high, the concentration should be appropriately reduced to avoid phytotoxicity (especially the vegetables in the protected area). Some pesticides (such as some organic phosphorus) use higher potency when the temperature is high. When the seedlings are small, the amount of sprayed liquid should be reduced, and the concentration should not be high, because the seedlings are tender and easy to produce phytotoxicity. Some dishes are sensitive to certain drugs, such as 50% drip pesticides, used on cucumbers, 300 times liquid has phytotoxicity, 500 times liquid has no phytotoxicity, but 500 times liquid is used on cabbage to produce phytotoxicity. Therefore, the concentration used on cabbage should be reduced, requiring more than 800 times.
7. Can not blindly mix pesticides. In order to save labor, and to consider controlling a variety of diseases, or to prevent disease and insects, several pesticides are often sprayed together, resulting in some phytotoxicity and some failures (acid-base neutralization). ), some have increased toxicity, causing poisoning and even death. Therefore, it should be used scientifically.
8. Pay attention to the safety of spraying. When spraying, wear masks, plastic gloves and goggles. Do not mix drugs by hand. When the sprayer is out of order, you cannot directly bite it with your mouth and suck it with your mouth. After spraying, wash your hands with soap and water. If dizziness or nausea occurs, stop spraying and take a rest in the fresh air. If it is poisoned, you should go to the hospital for symptomatic treatment. The pesticides should be kept well, and the used bottles should be buried deeply. It should not be used to hold other items.
9. To comply with the regulations on high-toxic pesticides, such as 39, 1191, Suhua 203, 1605, methyl 1605, 1059, killing Wei, Jiu-ling, phosphorus amine, methylamine Phosphorus, isopropyl phosphorus, trisulfide, omethoate, zinc phosphide, aluminum phosphide, cyanide, carbofuran, fluoroacetamide, arsenic, insecticide, celidine, celia, ulcer, chlorine Pulp, pentachlorophenol, dibromochloropropane, etc. And high-residue pesticides, such as BHC, DDT, chlordane and other pesticides, the state has stipulated that it is not allowed to use on vegetables. However, some farmers still secretly use 1605 to control amaranth, use methamidophos to control diamond moths, and use carbofuran to control aphids. As a result, consumers eat these vegetables, causing poisoning and serious consequences.
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