The mother of the industry has developed rapidly
Mold is the basic process equipment for industrial production. In electronics, automobiles, motors, electrical appliances, instruments, home appliances and communication products, 60%-80% of the parts are formed by mold. The quality of the mold determines the quality of the products. High and low, therefore, the mold is called the "mother of the industry." The mold is also a “benefit amplifierâ€. The value of the final product produced by the mold is often several times and hundreds of times the value of the mold itself.
The technological level of mold production and the level of scientific and technological content have become an important indicator for measuring the level of technology and product manufacturing in a country. It determines the quality, efficiency and development ability of new products to a large extent, and determines the manufacturing of a country. The international competitiveness of the industry.
Since the reform and opening up, China's mold industry has developed rapidly. From 1996 to 2001, the output value of China's mold industry increased by an average of 14% annually. At present, there are 17,000 mold production plants in the country with more than 500,000 employees. In 2001, the total output value of the national mold industry reached 30 billion yuan, and China's annual output value of molds has ranked fourth in the world.
The technical level of China's mold industry has also made great progress in recent years. Large, precise, complex, efficient and long-life molds have taken a new step. Large-scale complex dies, represented by automobile cover moulds, have been able to produce cover moulds for some new cars. The coverage of multi-station progressive die, which embodies high-level manufacturing technology, has expanded from motor and electrical iron chip molds to home appliance parts such as connectors, electron gun parts, and air conditioner heat sinks. In the field of large-scale plastic molds, it has been able to produce 48-inch TV mold shell molds, 6.5Kg large-capacity washing machine complete plastic molds, and automobile bumpers, integral instrument panels and other molds. In the field of precision plastic molds, it has been able to produce camera plastic molds, multi-cavity small modulus gear molds and plastic molds. In the large-scale precision and complex die-casting mold, the domestic pedal can be produced in the whole pedal die-casting mold and the automobile rear axle gear box die-casting mold. Other types of mold, for example, Radial Tire molds, plastic and aluminum door and window profile extrusion die, also have reached a high level, can replace imported mold.
Largest mold importing country
However, China's mold industry, in terms of quantity and quality, has a big gap with industrial developed countries and cannot meet the needs of industrial development. At present, the domestic market's satisfaction rate is only about 70%.
Most of the molds in China are self-produced by the enterprise, and only 1/3 of the molds that are actually circulating as commodities. The molds produced are mainly in the middle and low grades. Some large-scale, sophisticated, complex and long-life high-grade molds cannot be technically compared with developed countries, and the production capacity is far from meeting the needs of national economic development. In the past five years, China imported an average of 814 million US dollars of mold per year. In 2001, it imported 1.112 billion US dollars of molds (exporting molds only 188 million US dollars), which does not include the molds brought by the imported equipment and production lines as accessories. According to customs statistics, in recent years, China has become the world's largest importer of molds.
The structure of China's mold products is very unreasonable. China's mold product structure accounts for about 50% of stamping molds, plastic molds account for about 34%, die-casting molds account for about 6%, and other types of molds account for about 10%; developed countries generally pay more attention to the development of plastic molds, the proportion of plastic molds Generally, it is about 40%; the proportion of large, precise and long-life molds is more than 50%, while China is only about 25%; China's main mold production capacity is concentrated in the mold factory (or workshop) of each main engine factory. The commercialization rate of molds is very low, the ratio of self-production and sales of molds is as high as 60%-70%, while more than 70% of foreign products are commodity molds; even for professional mold factories, most of China is “big and full†and “small and complete†"Foreign countries are mostly "small but specialized" and "small but fine", with good production efficiency and economic benefits.
The quality level of molds at home and abroad cannot be the same, and there is still a gap between development and economic benefits. The average value of a mold worker in developed countries is between 150,000 and 200,000 US dollars, and only 40,000 to 50,000 yuan in China. Foreign companies have a certain profit, and most of China's mold companies are meager profits or even losses.
Great demand and broad prospects
According to statistics, in 2001, the market demand for molds in China's mainland manufacturing industry was about 40 billion yuan, and it will continue to grow at a rate of more than 10% per year in the next few years. The growth in demand for large, sophisticated, complex, and long-life molds will far exceed the annual increase of 10%.
The demand for molds in the automotive and motorcycle industries will account for about half of the domestic mold market. It is estimated that by 2005, the annual output of automobiles will reach 3.2 million, and the number of vehicles will reach 30 million. This will require 360,000 tons of various plastic parts, and the current production capacity is only more than 200,000 tons, and the development space is very broad.
Household appliances, such as color TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, etc., are also very large in the domestic market. At present, the annual output of color TVs in China has exceeded 32 million units, and the annual output of refrigerators, washing machines and air conditioners has exceeded 10 million units. During the “10th Five-Year Plan†period, the home appliance market is expected to increase by more than 10% annually. The demand for molds in the development of the home appliance industry will be large.
Other fast-growing industries, such as electronics, communications and building materials, will have a huge boost to the development of China's mold industry and technology.
In addition, from the perspective of the international market, the current world mold market is still in short supply. In recent years, the total amount of the world mold market has remained between 60 billion and 65 billion US dollars. The annual export of molds in the United States, Japan, France and Sweden accounts for about one-third of the total output value of their own molds. The export volume of molds in China is less than 5% of the total output value. The space for the export of molds in China is very broad.
According to the development of domestic and international mold market, relevant experts predict that in the future, China's molds will show ten development trends after industrial structure adjustment: First, the mold is becoming larger and larger; second, the precision of the mold will be higher and higher; The multi-functional composite mold will be further developed; the fourth is that the proportion of the hot runner mold in the plastic mold will gradually increase; the fifth is that the gas-assisted mold and the mold suitable for high-pressure injection molding will have a great development; the sixth is the mold standardization and mold The application of standard parts will become more and more extensive; the seventh is the prospect of rapid economic molds; the proportion of die-casting molds will continue to increase, and the life and complexity of die-casting molds will be increasingly demanding; The proportion of molds will continue to increase; ten is that the technical content of molds will continue to increase, and the proportion of medium and high-grade molds will continue to increase, which is also the change in the future trend of the mold market caused by product structure adjustment.
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