Discussion on Reform of Instrumental Analysis Teaching in Chemical Engineering

Discussion on the Teaching Reform of Instrumental Analysis in Chemical Engineering Qu Jianying, Li Deliang, Li Mingyu 2, Dong Xuezhi 1 (1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, China; 2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510623, China), and preliminary Try and achieved good teaching results.

With the continuous advancement of modern science and technology and the promotion and popularization of modern physics, chemistry, mathematics, geology, electronics, and computer science and technology, technicians can quickly, accurately, and multi-facetedly rely on various automation and spectral techniques, On-line technology to complete a variety of test tasks, greatly promoted the development of instrument analysis; At the same time, the rise of life sciences, environmental sciences, materials science and other interdisciplinary and marginal disciplines, also put forward higher requirements for instrument analysis. . If they stick to their traditional teaching content and modes, they will not carry out effective reforms and innovations, and will not strengthen the cultivation of students’ professional skills and innovation abilities in teaching. Graduates lack the appropriate adaptability and development ability when they go to work. . Therefore, it is necessary to carry out teaching reforms for instrumental analysis, to truly promote the transfer of students' knowledge and skills, to foster the ability and quality of each other, and to cultivate talents that meet the requirements of the times, have strong adaptability, and adapt to the integration of science and technology.

1 Instrument Analysis Teaching Status and Existing Problems Analytical chemistry, as an important professional basic course in the chemical engineering department, has its importance and particularity. From its development trend and requirements for the times, instrumental analysis is used as an analytical chemistry. The components are particularly important. According to the feedback from the graduates, after the students embarked on the job from the school, they could not adapt to the new environment and create a new situation quickly. That is to say, after the students are on the job, they can’t get top positions quickly, and they need a long process of adaptation. The reason is As the traditional teaching model is centered on classroom teaching, it ignores the training of students' skills and the cultivation of innovative abilities, which means that students' comprehensive qualities are neglected.

The content of traditional chemical instrument analysis is too simple. It only briefly introduces absorption spectrophotometry, atomic absorption, potential analysis, gas chromatography analysis, etc., and it is a variety of intelligent and informatized analytical instruments that have rapidly emerged since the 1980s. And spectrum analysis technology, on-line technology, etc., reach very little, even for high performance liquid chromatography, which is widely used nowadays. However, the latter is the development direction of modern instrument analysis, so it must be strengthened and improved. The instrumental analysis experiments mainly focus on confirmatory experiments and standardization operations, lack of scientific thinking training and creative incentives, and the experimental principles are flashed by the preparation of experimenters and experimental teachers (including the construction and working principle of the instrument. ), the instrument operation process is completed in a hurry (even individual institutions only to do demonstration experiments), students completely lack of initiative in the experiment, so that students can not be trained and improved.

The theoretical class was boring and the experiment course was passive and single. It did not really start from cultivating the students. It used the old teaching methods, content, means and forms for a long time. It could not mobilize the students’ enthusiasm for learning, and eventually caused the students to grind the instrument analysis course. The psychology of annoyance and fear severely affects the quality of teaching. 2 Exploration of instrumental analysis and reform 2.1 Introduce multimedia, give play to the advantages of audio-visual education In order to improve the quality of education, establish a teaching model suitable for the 21st century. All disciplines are developing CAI courseware. As an important part of analytical chemistry, analysis involves many instruments and can use its multi-media to make use of its potential advantages.

2.1.1 Strengthen students' understanding of the structure and principles of the instrument, and strengthen the theoretical knowledge The task of modern analytical chemistry is not only to do material composition analysis, but also to do the state, valence, structure, particle, microdomain, thin layer and depth of matter. analysis. Therefore, instrumental analysis has become an important part of modern analytical chemistry, and its development trend is related to laser technology, microwave technology, vacuum technology, molecular beam, Fourier transform and fund projects: funding projects for Henan University's education reform project Qu Jianying, etc.: Chemicals The analysis and teaching reform of scientific instruments is closely related to various technologies and methods such as electronic computers and involves various types of instruments. In order to skillfully use these instruments, in addition to the relevant theoretical knowledge, it is also necessary to understand the schematics and internal structure diagrams of only the devices. Multimedia uses these unique animations and images to represent these structures and principles. The organic model of the system can easily display experimental devices, light path diagrams, circuit diagrams, diagrams, or appearance shapes of instruments that are difficult or impossible to complete on the blackboard during normal lectures. This not only enables students to quickly grasp the operation of the instrument. The choice of process and analysis conditions greatly deepened students' understanding of what they had learned.

2.1.2 Solve the problems of lack of class time and lack of teaching equipment In recent years, the reform of higher education institutions has strengthened the teaching of foreign languages, computers, and some humanistic quality courses, while the academic time of professional basic subjects has been greatly reduced. How to enable students to master more knowledge and learn more new content within a limited time period, to ensure that the quality of the teaching is completed, and to improve the quality of education, becomes a difficult problem before us. The CAI courseware, with its rich expressiveness to tutor students, and then with the teacher's instruction, can fundamentally solve such problems.

With the rapid development of modern science and technology, a variety of new instrument analysis methods and high-sensitivity, high-resolution, high-automation analysis technologies, on-line technologies, and so on have come out constantly, and with each passing day. However, the prices of these large-scale instruments are generally relatively high, and schools can not seriously influence the teaching of instrument analysis because they cannot buy these expensive instruments. The CAI courseware can simulate these devices, "move" them to the podium, and dynamically display the microscopic principles, rapid simulation analysis process and spectral identification.

2.1.3 Increasing the vividness and interest of teaching It is self-evident that CAI courseware can enrich the content of rich teaching content, making the traditional abstract and boring instrumental analysis teaching vivid and active. The visibility of three-dimensional animated images with text, sound, and images enhances students' interest in learning.

2.2 Attention reflects the achievements of modern science and technology, and maintains the advanced nature of teaching content The rapid development of high-tech represented by computers, which makes high-sensitivity, high-selectivity, high-speed, high-automation, and intelligent instrument analysis represent the development of the entire analytical chemistry. In recent years, due to the rapid development and widespread application of electronic technology, many new analytical instruments and analysis methods have emerged. The application of these new instruments and new methods can greatly increase the sensitivity and precision of the test, and extend the scope of application of instrument analysis. Therefore, in order to better cultivate students’ creative ability and keep pace with the times, we must pay attention to reflecting the new achievements of modern science and technology and maintaining the teaching contents on the basis of traditional light analysis, electroanalysis, and gas chromatography analysis. Advanced nature, so that it has the corresponding scientific level with the times. To this end, we focus on solving two problems in teaching: (1) On the basis of clarifying the guiding ideology of teaching and the purpose of teaching, we have formulated a new syllabus, and maintained a certain degree of flexibility and laxity, and updated teachers promptly. The contents of teaching content and teaching materials leave room and provide convenience; (2) Teachers should accurately grasp the basic ideas of the curriculum; update teaching content in time to reflect advanced and cutting-edge instrument analysis methods and new technologies.

3 Reforming Instrument Analysis Experimental Teaching 3.1 Updating Experimental Content and Cultivating Students' Scientific Thinking Ability The current basic instrument analysis experiments are mostly photochemical, electrochemical and gas chromatography analytical experiments. Although there are a lot of types of instruments and experimental projects used in the experiment, they are piled on a low level, and many of them are quite old and do not meet the requirements of modern society. Therefore, in the teaching of instrumental analysis experiments, we should focus on the use of several kinds of more advanced and typical instruments in photochemical, electrochemical and chromatographic analysis, and master the principles and methods of operation of modern instrumental analysis experiments through several typical experiments. At the same time, students should pay attention to the training of students' scientific thinking ability. The students can master several kinds of modern scientific instruments, and combine theoretical knowledge of analytical chemistry with experimental techniques. It is unnecessary to perform repeated operations on analytical instruments at the same level. It is not difficult for college students to understand the principle of experimentation, read the instruction manual, and familiar with the operation of the instrument. In addition, students are allowed to operate advanced analytical instruments as much as possible, master the latest analytical techniques, define the methods and methods of substance determination, characterization, training their quality and interest in scientific research activities, improve their ability to conduct research activities, and adapt to society in the future. Ability.

3.2 Strengthening comprehensive experiments, simulating induction operations, and improving the overall quality of students Cultivating students' ability to analyze problems and solve problems is one of the basic tasks of our experimental teaching. After the course is basically completed, concentrate on using about 2 weeks, combined with the professional needs of the chemical engineering department, set up some small comprehensive experiments, so that students can initially grasp the essentials and techniques of comprehensive analysis, and understand the application scope of instrument analysis. For example, the pigments in the green leaves of plants are extracted by column chromatography and determined by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer; the organically synthesized active substance benzotriazole can be electrochemically characterized and determined. From the preparation and calibration of reagents, the processing of samples to the analysis of tests, and the reporting of results, students are required to complete the entire process. In this way, it not only intensified the theoretical knowledge learned, stimulated the interest in learning and subjective initiative, but also tempered the ability of combining theory with practice, and cultivated students' ability to analyze and solve problems comprehensively.

4 Conclusion In summary, we have conducted preliminary explorations and attempts in the instrumental analysis teaching process, and have achieved initial results: (1) The theory is linked to reality, and the students’ practical ability is greatly improved. Due to strict training in all aspects of theoretical and experimental teaching, students are not only skilled in operating practices, but also can quickly put on top positions, and are highly praised by the leaders of internship units and workers. (2) Scientific thinking and innovation consciousness Enhanced. In the comprehensive experiment, through reading a series of processes such as reading materials and designing programs, students can actively and independently analyze problems and solve problems, exercise and cultivate their awareness of innovation, and improve their overall quality.