An Analysis of the History of Intelligent Building Development
The world’s first smart building was introduced in 1984 at City Square in Hartford, the capital of Connecticut. This is a 38-story office building, and originally had a relatively good construction equipment system. For example, digital program-controlled switches have been applied earlier; centralized use of office automation machines; setting of computing centers; and automatic monitoring of fire and security.
In 1986, Tokyo Honda Castle Peak Building and NTT Shinagawa Building built in Japan, including later NEC, N17, Panasonic, Mitsui, Toshiba and other office buildings, have a very complete system, equipment and architectural design with harmonious. These systems built by these large companies are mainly for their own use, improve work efficiency, but also to improve corporate image. In the late 1980s, smart buildings became more and more popular all over the world. This was mainly due to the rapid development of electronic technology, especially micro-electronics technology in computers, communication, and control. The three technologies have seen rapid development in building automation, communication networks, and their system integration.
In the late 1980s, the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a "Feasibility Study of an Intelligent Office Building" to discuss the development of smart office buildings. In the late 1980s, an earlier batch of buildings with smart facilities and systems were completed. The real popularization and promotion of “intelligent architecture†in mainland China was in the tide of reform and opening up in 1992. It is the real estate developer that first hits the banner of “intelligent buildingâ€. The other one who entered this market first is the system integrator. Most of them are doing communication or undertaking network engineering, and they are turning from doing network to specialized wiring.
Building intelligent development
With the increasing demand for work and living environment and the continuous development of modern technologies, the progressive development of intelligent technologies has been promoted. The development history of China's building intelligence can be roughly divided into three phases: the stage of traditional intelligent systems, customized intelligent systems, and intelligent systems for sustainable development.
Traditional intelligent system stage
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, as people’s requirements for working and living environments continued to increase, a safe, efficient and comfortable work and living environment had become an urgent need for people; at the same time, along with science and technology, The continuous development, especially the rapid development of computer technology, communication technology and control technology based on microelectronics technology, has provided the technical foundation for meeting people's needs.
During this period, people’s understanding of building intelligence mainly includes setting up a program-controlled switch system and a cable television system in the building to receive telephones, cable television, etc. from buildings, and provide communication means for users in the building; Broadcasting, computer networks and other systems provide necessary modern office equipment for users within the building. At the same time, they use computers to control and manage the mechanical and electrical equipment in the building, and set fire alarm systems and security systems to provide protection for buildings and personnel. At this time, each system in the building is independent and there is no connection between them.
Customized intelligent system development stage
In the middle of the real estate development boom of the mid-1990s, real estate developers, when they had not fully understood the meaning of smart buildings, discovered the commercial value of the smart building label, and thus “intelligent buildingsâ€, “5A buildings†and even “7A The term "architecture" appears in their promotional advertisements. From the technical point of view, in addition to setting up the above-mentioned various systems in the building, it mainly emphasizes the systematic integration of various systems in the building, the extensive adoption of integrated wiring systems and the application of information technology. During this period, the rapid economic development, different forms of architecture have different needs for intelligent systems, application of information technology in the residential area is mainly to provide residents with advanced management tools, safe living environment and convenient communication and entertainment tools. In order to meet the different needs of users and provide personalized intelligent systems, intelligent development has entered the era of customized development, and it is very different from public buildings such as hotels, office buildings, hospitals, and gymnasiums. Provide customized solutions for users of different building types to meet their individual needs.
Sustainable development of intelligent systems
Today's society emphasizes the green, low-carbon living environment. Combining intelligent buildings with green buildings is the basic requirement for sustainability, and it is also an inevitable direction for the intelligent development of modern buildings. The so-called sustainable intelligence technology refers to the characteristics of sustainable development of green buildings, and the technology it advocates is in line with the principle of sustainable development. The sustainability of building intelligence requires that in the planning, design, development, use, and management of smart buildings, the concept of green building must be adhered to, water and other resources must be used more effectively to reduce damage to the environment, and provide health for users. , safe life and work environment. Intelligent buildings and information systems have been introduced in the green buildings. Their deployment is focused on the present and the future, that is, to meet the requirements of the principle of openness. It is adaptable and compatible with the addition or updating of equipment in the system. Expandability and flexibility.
Sustainable and Intelligent Application in Green Buildings
First of all, green buildings emphasize the strategic idea of ​​saving energy, not polluting the environment, maintaining ecological balance, and embodying sustainable development. The purpose of green buildings is to save energy and environmental protection. Building energy consumption generally refers to the energy consumption of buildings during use, including heating, cooling, heating, cooking, lighting, electrical power consumption, elevators, sewage, and cleaning. Electricity and so on. In order to save energy, it is necessary to adopt new automation and intelligent technologies in green buildings and utilize the “wisdom†of intelligent systems to minimize energy consumption. The sustainability of building intelligent technology satisfies the requirements of the principle of openness. It has the adaptability and compatibility for adding or updating equipment in the system, and it is advanced, expansive, and flexible. Specific applications in intelligent lighting systems, air conditioning, ventilation, refrigeration, heating intelligent systems, elevator group control systems and other aspects.
Sustainable intelligence is used as a system project in the application of green buildings. It contains a wide range of technologies, complex devices and devices, and networks criss-cross. The sustainable intelligence system contains many word systems in the practical application of green buildings. For example: green energy generation, power distribution monitoring systems, indoor environment intelligent control systems, water monitoring systems, intelligent security systems, furniture intelligent systems, office automation systems, and information network systems.
Review
Intelligent building is the technical support of green building. Green building is the goal of intelligent building. Green building and intelligent building are the pursuit of two different aspects of modern architecture. Therefore, intelligence and green are combined to intelligently promote green building. The promotion of intelligence with the green concept reflects the human pursuit of modern living environment in terms of safety, comfort, energy conservation and pollution reduction. In the long run, it is not only the need to satisfy people-oriented issues and solve the problems of sustainable development of buildings and cities, but also enriches, improves, renews, and expands traditional buildings. Combining the two concepts of green building and intelligent building, that is, insisting on the concept of green intelligent architecture, it is possible to truly achieve the goal of sustainable development. Therefore, a sustainable intelligent system will be the development direction of today's intelligent technology.
The world’s first smart building was introduced in 1984 at City Square in Hartford, the capital of Connecticut. This is a 38-story office building, and originally had a relatively good construction equipment system. For example, digital program-controlled switches have been applied earlier; centralized use of office automation machines; setting of computing centers; and automatic monitoring of fire and security.
In 1986, Tokyo Honda Castle Peak Building and NTT Shinagawa Building built in Japan, including later NEC, N17, Panasonic, Mitsui, Toshiba and other office buildings, have a very complete system, equipment and architectural design with harmonious. These systems built by these large companies are mainly for their own use, improve work efficiency, but also to improve corporate image. In the late 1980s, smart buildings became more and more popular all over the world. This was mainly due to the rapid development of electronic technology, especially micro-electronics technology in computers, communication, and control. The three technologies have seen rapid development in building automation, communication networks, and their system integration.
In the late 1980s, the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a "Feasibility Study of an Intelligent Office Building" to discuss the development of smart office buildings. In the late 1980s, an earlier batch of buildings with smart facilities and systems were completed. The real popularization and promotion of “intelligent architecture†in mainland China was in the tide of reform and opening up in 1992. It is the real estate developer that first hits the banner of “intelligent buildingâ€. The other one who entered this market first is the system integrator. Most of them are doing communication or undertaking network engineering, and they are turning from doing network to specialized wiring.
Building intelligent development
With the increasing demand for work and living environment and the continuous development of modern technologies, the progressive development of intelligent technologies has been promoted. The development history of China's building intelligence can be roughly divided into three phases: the stage of traditional intelligent systems, customized intelligent systems, and intelligent systems for sustainable development.
Traditional intelligent system stage
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, as people’s requirements for working and living environments continued to increase, a safe, efficient and comfortable work and living environment had become an urgent need for people; at the same time, along with science and technology, The continuous development, especially the rapid development of computer technology, communication technology and control technology based on microelectronics technology, has provided the technical foundation for meeting people's needs.
During this period, people’s understanding of building intelligence mainly includes setting up a program-controlled switch system and a cable television system in the building to receive telephones, cable television, etc. from buildings, and provide communication means for users in the building; Broadcasting, computer networks and other systems provide necessary modern office equipment for users within the building. At the same time, they use computers to control and manage the mechanical and electrical equipment in the building, and set fire alarm systems and security systems to provide protection for buildings and personnel. At this time, each system in the building is independent and there is no connection between them.
Customized intelligent system development stage
In the middle of the real estate development boom of the mid-1990s, real estate developers, when they had not fully understood the meaning of smart buildings, discovered the commercial value of the smart building label, and thus “intelligent buildingsâ€, “5A buildings†and even “7A The term "architecture" appears in their promotional advertisements. From the technical point of view, in addition to setting up the above-mentioned various systems in the building, it mainly emphasizes the systematic integration of various systems in the building, the extensive adoption of integrated wiring systems and the application of information technology. During this period, the rapid economic development, different forms of architecture have different needs for intelligent systems, application of information technology in the residential area is mainly to provide residents with advanced management tools, safe living environment and convenient communication and entertainment tools. In order to meet the different needs of users and provide personalized intelligent systems, intelligent development has entered the era of customized development, and it is very different from public buildings such as hotels, office buildings, hospitals, and gymnasiums. Provide customized solutions for users of different building types to meet their individual needs.
Sustainable development of intelligent systems
Today's society emphasizes the green, low-carbon living environment. Combining intelligent buildings with green buildings is the basic requirement for sustainability, and it is also an inevitable direction for the intelligent development of modern buildings. The so-called sustainable intelligence technology refers to the characteristics of sustainable development of green buildings, and the technology it advocates is in line with the principle of sustainable development. The sustainability of building intelligence requires that in the planning, design, development, use, and management of smart buildings, the concept of green building must be adhered to, water and other resources must be used more effectively to reduce damage to the environment, and provide health for users. , safe life and work environment. Intelligent buildings and information systems have been introduced in the green buildings. Their deployment is focused on the present and the future, that is, to meet the requirements of the principle of openness. It is adaptable and compatible with the addition or updating of equipment in the system. Expandability and flexibility.
Sustainable and Intelligent Application in Green Buildings
First of all, green buildings emphasize the strategic idea of ​​saving energy, not polluting the environment, maintaining ecological balance, and embodying sustainable development. The purpose of green buildings is to save energy and environmental protection. Building energy consumption generally refers to the energy consumption of buildings during use, including heating, cooling, heating, cooking, lighting, electrical power consumption, elevators, sewage, and cleaning. Electricity and so on. In order to save energy, it is necessary to adopt new automation and intelligent technologies in green buildings and utilize the “wisdom†of intelligent systems to minimize energy consumption. The sustainability of building intelligent technology satisfies the requirements of the principle of openness. It has the adaptability and compatibility for adding or updating equipment in the system, and it is advanced, expansive, and flexible. Specific applications in intelligent lighting systems, air conditioning, ventilation, refrigeration, heating intelligent systems, elevator group control systems and other aspects.
Sustainable intelligence is used as a system project in the application of green buildings. It contains a wide range of technologies, complex devices and devices, and networks criss-cross. The sustainable intelligence system contains many word systems in the practical application of green buildings. For example: green energy generation, power distribution monitoring systems, indoor environment intelligent control systems, water monitoring systems, intelligent security systems, furniture intelligent systems, office automation systems, and information network systems.
Review
Intelligent building is the technical support of green building. Green building is the goal of intelligent building. Green building and intelligent building are the pursuit of two different aspects of modern architecture. Therefore, intelligence and green are combined to intelligently promote green building. The promotion of intelligence with the green concept reflects the human pursuit of modern living environment in terms of safety, comfort, energy conservation and pollution reduction. In the long run, it is not only the need to satisfy people-oriented issues and solve the problems of sustainable development of buildings and cities, but also enriches, improves, renews, and expands traditional buildings. Combining the two concepts of green building and intelligent building, that is, insisting on the concept of green intelligent architecture, it is possible to truly achieve the goal of sustainable development. Therefore, a sustainable intelligent system will be the development direction of today's intelligent technology.
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