The U.S. Food and Agriculture Organization stated that about 14% of the world's greenhouse gases are caused by agriculture. A large part of agricultural emissions comes from methane, which is 23 times more harmful than carbon dioxide in terms of global warming. However, by 2030, the agricultural methane emissions will increase by 60%. Over 15 billion cows and hundreds of millions of grazing animals worldwide emit large amounts of polluting gases, including methane, of which two-thirds of ammonia comes from cattle.
According to Science Network (kexue.com), cattle emit large amounts of methane through snoring, and a small portion of them are discharged through flatulence. The statistics on the average methane emissions of dairy cows vary, some experts say it is 100-200 litres per day, while some experts say it is 500 litres per day (about 132 gallons), but in any case, this figure is huge, the number of The equivalent of a car a day.
To understand why cows make methane, it is more important to understand some of their digestive systems. Some animals such as cows, goats and sheep belong to the same species and are called ruminants. Ruminants have four stomachs. They digest food in their stomach instead of being digested in the intestines like humans. The ruminant eats the food and then causes the food to flow back into the mouth as a ruminant to eat again. Their stomachs are full of bacteria that help digestion, but they also produce methane.
There is a study at the University of Wales in Aberystwyth that tracks the amount of methane and nitrogen produced by sheep. This study provides a good contrast pattern for cattle studies because cattle and sheep have similar digestive systems, but sheep are not so difficult to control. Sheep in the study range live in plastic tunnel holes, and the methane they produce through various foods is monitored.
There are many other efforts to reduce the production of ruminant methane, such as trying to breed cattle that have a longer life and have a better digestive system. At the University of Hohenheim in Germany, scientists created a tablet that can stop gas in cow's rumen (the first stomach of a cow) and convert methane to glucose. However, this drug requires a strict diet and organized feeding time, but this seems unlikely.
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