Science inventory: significant progress in the field of materials in October

1. Science: Segregation-induced ordered superstructure at the general grain boundary in nickel-niobium alloy s1.jpg In the yttrium-doped polycrystalline nickel, Luo Jian and Li Hai University's Martin P. Harmer (common communication) found that ordered segregation-induced grain boundary superstructure occurs at randomly selected general grain boundaries. These reconstructions are driven by terminating the orientation of the grain surface rather than lattice matching between the grains. This finding indicates that the superstructure induced by the adsorbate is not limited to a specific grain boundary, but may exist in various general grain boundaries, and thus may affect the performance of the polycrystalline alloy. The discovery of Bi segregation-induced superstructures at general grain boundaries enriches the knowledge of existing research and provides new insights into structurally relevant grain boundary properties such as plasticity, diffusivity and conductivity. 2, Science: camouflage with a scalable surface that can be modified with programmable 3D textures s2.jpg Inspired by the cephalopod muscle morphology, RF Shepherd (corresponding author) and others at Cornell University in the United States have developed a synthetic structure that can convert a two-dimensional (2D) retractable surface into a target 3D shape by programming, and the synthetic tissue is embedded. The elastic film composition of the inextensible woven mesh is expanded to within 10% of its target shape by using simple manufacturing methods and modeling methods. The fibrous web acts as a fibrous reinforcement for the local connective tissue, thereby providing force to the central axis and controlling the 3D shape, while the elastic body acts as an extensible soft tissue that is stretched perpendicular to the synthetic skin surface. These retractable surfaces transform from flat to 3D textures that mimic natural stone and plant shapes and disguise them as background environments. 3. Science: Preparation of 2D oxide nanomaterials from liquid metal s3.png While two-dimensional (2D) oxides have a wide range of applications in electronics and other technologies, many oxides do not readily synthesize 2D materials by conventional methods. The team of Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh and Torben Daeneke (Common Communications) of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology reported the use of a non-toxic eutectic gallium-based alloy as the reaction solvent and added the alloyed desired metal to the melt. From a thermodynamic point of view, the composition of the self-limiting interface oxide is predicted. At the same time, the surface oxide was separated as a 2D layer on both the substrate and the suspension, and it was found to be able to produce very thin sub-nanometer HfO2, Al2O3 and Gd2O3. Liquid metal-based reaction routes can be used to create 2D materials that were previously not available in conventional methods, and the reaction environment in which room temperature liquid metals are synthesized as low-dimensional oxide nanomaterials adds another benefit to the method of obtaining 2D materials. 4, Cui Wei science: play with the cryo-electron microscope - reveal the battery material and interface atomic structure s4.png The team of Cui Wei (communication author) of Stanford University in the United States realized the observation of battery materials and interface atomic structures by cryo-electron microscopy. It was observed that dendrites in carbonate-based electrolytes were along <111> (priority), <110> or <211>. The direction is grown as a single crystal nanowire. These growth directions may change, but no crystal defects are observed. In addition, the team also revealed different SEI nanostructures formed in different electrolytes. This work provides an easy way to preserve and image the original state of the beam-sensitive battery material at the atomic scale, revealing its detailed nanostructure. The relevant data observed in these experiments can provide a complete understanding of the battery failure mechanism. Although this work uses Li metal as an example to demonstrate the practicality of cryo-EM, this approach may also extend to other studies involving beam-sensitive materials such as lithiated silicon or sulfur. 5, science: Au-Pd sol catalyst selective catalytic methane oxidation s5.jpg Graham J. Hutchings (corresponding author) and others from Cardiff University in the United Kingdom reported that the use of sol Au-Pd nanoparticles as a catalyst can catalyze the oxidation of methane with a selectivity of up to 92% in mild aqueous solutions. Using isotopes to trace oxygen, it was confirmed that 70% of the methanol obtained by the catalytic reaction was derived from gas phase oxygen molecules instead of H2O2. If methyl radicals are generated, selective oxidation to methanol is more inclined to use oxygen molecules as oxidants. 6, Science: in situ electric field effect ZIF regulation lattice s6.jpg The German Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry A. Knebel and J. Caro (co-author) and others controlled the gas transport process of metal-organic framework membranes (MOFs) in situ by applying an external electric field. The electric field polarization is used to regulate the gas permeation from the transformation of the ZIF-8 structure and transform into a more rigid lattice polycrystal. It has been detected by gas permeation experiments that ZIF-8 can be reversibly converted into a polarized homomorphic body through the action of an electric field, and the hardening of the crystal lattice leads to a decrease in gas passing through the membrane and an increase in the screening ability of the molecule. 7. Science: Controlled porous nano-isomorphs by tissue etching after binary nanoparticle superlattice s7.jpg Rafal Klajn (Corresponding author) and others at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel reported that non-close-packed nanoparticle arrays can be prepared by selectively removing one or two components containing binary nanoparticle superlattices. First, different binary nanoparticle superlattices are prepared at the liquid-vapor interface. After being stabilized, they can be converted into specific nano-isomorphs, which are the same chemical composition as the raw materials and different in nanostructures. Nanoporous material.

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