Abstract Introduction: The material industry is the basic industry of the national economy. The new material is the forerunner of the development of the material industry and an important strategic emerging industry. Today, the scientific and technological revolution is developing rapidly, new materials and products are changing with each passing day, and industrial upgrading and material replacement are accelerating. New materials technology and nanotechnology...
Introduction: The material industry is the basic industry of the national economy. The new material is the forerunner of the development of the material industry and an important strategic emerging industry. Today, the scientific and technological revolution is developing rapidly, new materials and products are changing with each passing day, and industrial upgrading and material replacement are accelerating. New material technology and nanotechnology, biotechnology, and information technology are integrated with each other. The integration of structural functions and functional materials is becoming more and more obvious. The environmentally friendly characteristics of materials such as low carbon, green, and renewable recycling have attracted much attention. The new materials online comprehensive research at home and abroad research institutions and companies research progress, scientific media reviews and industry hotspot research preliminary selection of 20 new materials, the following is the detailed information of the relevant materials (in no particular order).
Graphene
Breakthrough: Unusual conductivity, extremely low resistivity and extremely fast electron transfer speed, tens of times more strength than steel and excellent light transmission.
Trends: 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics has made the technology and capital market graphene hot in recent years, and will be in the next five years in optoelectronic displays, semiconductors, touch screens, electronic devices, energy storage batteries, displays, sensors, semiconductors, aerospace, military, composite Materials, biomedicine and other fields will explode.
The main research institutions (companies): Graphene Technologies, Angstron Materials, Graphene Square, the sixth element of Changzhou, Ningbo Moxi and so on.
2, aerogel
Breakthrough: high porosity, low density, light weight, low thermal conductivity, excellent thermal insulation properties.
Development trend: New materials with great potential have great potential in the fields of energy conservation, environmental protection, thermal insulation, electrical appliances and construction.
Major research institutions (companies): Aspen USA, WR Grace, Japan Fuji-Silysia, etc.
3, carbon nanotubes
Breakthrough: high conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high modulus of elasticity, high tensile strength, etc.
Development trends: electrodes for functional devices, catalyst carriers, sensors, etc.
Main research institutions (companies): Unidym, Inc., Toray Industries, Inc., Bayer Materials Science AG, Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Betray, Suzhou First Element, etc.
4, fullerenes
Breakthrough: linear and nonlinear optical properties, alkali metal fullerene superconductivity, etc.
Development trend: The future has important prospects in the fields of life sciences, medicine, astrophysics, etc. It is expected to be used in optoelectronic devices such as optical converters, signal conversion and data storage.
The main research institutions (companies): Michigan State University, Xiamen Funa New Materials.
5, amorphous alloy
Breakthrough: high strength and toughness, excellent magnetic permeability and low magnetic loss, excellent liquidity.
Development trend: in high-frequency low-loss transformers, structural parts of mobile terminal equipment, etc.
Major research institutions (companies): Liquidmetal Technologies, Inc., Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BYD Co., Ltd., etc.
6, foam metal
Breakthrough: Light weight, low density, high porosity and large specific surface area.
Development trend: It has the ability to replace the non-conductive materials of inorganic non-metallic materials; it has great potential in the field of sound insulation and noise reduction.
Main research institutes (companies): Alcan (American Aluminum), Rio Tinto, Symat, Norsk Hydro, etc.
7, ionic liquid
Breakthrough: high thermal stability, wide liquid temperature range, adjustable acidity and alkalinity, polarity, coordination ability, etc.
Development trend: It has broad application prospects in the field of green chemicals, as well as in the fields of biology and catalysis.
Main research institutions (companies): Solvent Innovation, BASF, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongji University, etc.
8, nanocellulose
Breakthrough: good biocompatibility, water retention, wide range of pH stability; nano-mesh structure, and high mechanical properties.
Trends: There is a huge prospect in biomedicine, enhancers, paper industry, purification, conductive and inorganic composite foods, and industrial magnetic composites.
Major research institutions (companies): Cellu Force (Canada), US Forest Service (US Forest Service), Innventia (Sweden), etc.
9, nano-point perovskite
Breakthrough: Nano-point perovskites have giant magnetoresistance, high ionic conductivity, and catalysis for oxygen evolution and reduction.
Development trend: The future has great potential in the fields of catalysis, storage, sensors, and light absorption.
Main research institutions (companies): Epri, Alfa Aesar, etc.
10, 3D printing materials
Breakthrough: Change the processing methods of traditional industries, and quickly realize the formation of complex structures.
Trends: Revolutionary molding methods have great promise in the field of complex structural forming and rapid processing.
The main research institutions (companies): Object, 3D Systems, Stratasys, Huaying Hi-Tech and so on.
11, flexible glass
Breakthrough: Change the rigidity and fragility of traditional glass to realize the revolutionary innovation of glass.
Development trend: In the future, the field of flexible display and folding equipment has great prospects.
The main research institutions (companies): Corning, Germany, SCHOTT Group and so on.
12, self-assembly (self-repair) materials
Breakthrough: The self-assembly of material molecules realizes the “intelligence†of the material itself, changes the previous material preparation methods, and realizes the spontaneous formation of certain shapes and structures.
Development trend: changing the traditional materials preparation and material repair methods, the future in the molecular devices, surface engineering, nanotechnology and other fields have great prospects.
Main research institutions (companies): Harvard University, etc.
13. Degradable bioplastics
Breakthrough: It can be naturally degraded. Raw materials come from renewable resources, changing the dependence of traditional plastics on fossil resources such as oil, natural gas and coal, and reducing environmental pollution.
Trends: The future of replacing traditional plastics has great prospects.
Major research institutions (companies): Natureworks, Basf, Kaneka, etc.
14, titanium carbon composite material
Breakthrough: With high strength, low density, and excellent corrosion resistance, it has unlimited prospects in aviation and civil applications.
Development trend: The future has broad potential in environmental applications such as lightweight, high strength and corrosion resistance.
The main research institutions (companies): Harbin Institute of Technology.
15. Metamaterials
Breakthrough: It has physical properties not found in conventional materials, such as negative magnetic permeability and negative dielectric constant.
Development trend: Change the traditional concept of processing according to the nature of materials. In the future, the characteristics of materials can be designed according to needs, and the potential is unlimited and revolutionary.
Major research institutions (companies): Boeing, Kymeta, Shenzhen Guangqi Research Institute, etc.
16, superconducting materials
Breakthrough: In the superconducting state, the material has zero resistance, the current is not lost, and the material exhibits diamagnetism in the magnetic field.
Development trend: In the future, if we break through the high-temperature superconducting technology, it is expected to solve the problems of power transmission loss, electronic device heating, and green new transmission magnetic suspension technology.
The main research institutions (companies): Sumitomo, Japan, Bruker, Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc.
17, shape memory alloy
Breakthrough: After preforming, after being forced to deform by external conditions, it can be restored to its original shape after certain conditions, and the reversible design and application of material deformation can be realized.
Development trend: There is great potential in the fields of space technology, medical equipment, mechanical and electronic equipment.
Main research institutions (companies): researching new materials, etc.
18, magnetostrictive material
Breakthrough: Under the action of a magnetic field, it can produce elongation or compression properties, and realize the interaction between material deformation and magnetic field.
Development trend: It is widely used in the fields of intelligent structural devices, shock absorbing devices, transducing structures, high-precision motors, etc. Under some conditions, the performance is better than that of piezoelectric ceramics.
Major research institutions (companies): American ETREMA, British Rare Earth Products, Sumitomo Light Metal Co., etc.
       19. Magnetic (electric) fluid materials
Breakthrough: It is liquid, combines the magnetic properties of solid magnetic materials, and the fluidity of liquids. It has the characteristics and applications not found in traditional magnetic bulk materials.
Development trend: It is applied to the fields of magnetic sealing, magnetic refrigeration, magnetic heat pump, etc., and changes the traditional sealing and cooling methods.
The main research institutions (companies): American ATA application technology company, Japan Matsushita and so on.
      20, smart polymer gel
Breakthrough: It can sense changes in the surrounding environment and respond with biologically similar reaction characteristics.
Trends: The expansion-contraction cycle of smart polymer gels can be used for chemical valves, adsorption separations, sensors and memory materials; the power provided by the cycle is used to design "chemical engines"; the controllability of the mesh is suitable for smart drug delivery systems Wait.
Main research institutions (companies): American and Japanese universities.
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