The era calls for green packaging. Han Yunhua, monitoring station of the Environmental Protection Bureau of Kenli County, Shandong Province. At a world wine fair, the famous Chinese Maotai wine was quietly lying in the humble white porcelain bottle. In a hurry, the clever Chinese staff came up with a trick: pretending to accidentally break a bottle of Moutai, the result was overflowing, and the merchants smelled it and ordered them... This story made the packaging people feel a lot of emotions. A good horse is not worthy of a good saddle. This is definitely a big wind in China's commodity packaging. Now, just as the Chinese begin to gradually see the exquisite packaging products, the world packaging market has started to simplify packaging. The whirlwind "Green Packaging Revolution", which has become an important part of the 21st century green revolution, has become an important weight in the new round of market competition. The times are calling for green packaging.
1 Over-packaging and polluting the environment China used to be a country that did not talk about the packaging of goods. This made the Chinese products have been blinded in the international market in the early days of export. Ten years of hard work has made China's packaging industry have a lot of development. According to statistics, paper-based packaging has reached 3.6 million tons, plastic packaging is 3.7 million tons, glass packaging is 6 million tons, and it is more comprehensive in the world packaging industry. Country of the country. At the same time, it brings another problem: packaging waste is increasing, causing environmental pollution. Chinese people know that “green packaging†starts with “white pollutionâ€, and the amount of plastic packaging products is large and wide. Light weight and low recycling value make it difficult to control white pollution. As far as possible, China's per capita plastic consumption level is only 5 kilograms, far lower than the average consumption level of 17.5 kilograms per capita in the world. However, as the dosage is still growing, people's environmental awareness is still relatively weak, and good living habits have not yet fully formed, making white pollution. The damage is still increasing.
Municipal solid waste is a public hazard. The development of the market economy has made the proportion of this new type of garbage, which is packaged waste, more and more important in urban solid waste. In the western developed countries, packaging waste accounts for 1/3 of the city's solid waste, and its volume has accounted for 1/2. Because of the rapid development of the packaging industry, it has failed to make rational use of resources, energy, and waste. Measures such as management disposal and recycling have been taken in a timely manner. Packaging waste has caused environmental pollution. They have been thrown into the sea, buried underground or set on fire, causing great harm to the attention of countries and public opinion circles.
China is a country where packaging waste has increased year by year. At present, such waste accounts for more than 10% of municipal solid waste. This year, this kind of waste has reached 30 million tons, and it is increasing at a rate of nearly 10% every year.
2 International trade enters the "green era"
With the end of the Uruguay Round negotiations and the gradual reduction of non-tariff trade barriers, the use of tariffs and traditional non-tariff measures to limit the scope of imports has been small, and international trade barriers have gradually turned to harsh technical standards and environmental standards, and gradually formed. New trade barriers - green trade barriers. Compared with traditional non-tariffs, such barriers have nominal rationality, ingeniousness in formulation, formal legitimacy and means of concealing means. The environmental labeling system introduced by various countries unanimously requires the entire life cycle of products. All meet the requirements of environmental protection, that is, the whole process of production, sales, transportation and consumption is beneficial to the environment. Some countries have also issued a series of regulations prohibiting packaging that cannot be recycled, and require packaging materials to be reduced as much as possible and harmless to the environment. For packaging that cannot be recycled and degraded, it will refuse to import at the negotiating table of foreign trade. China’s foreign trade export enterprises feel that the color packaging “is officially placed at the negotiating table as a clause, which makes the Chinese unprepared to a factory in Jiangsu, China. The production of buzzer tablets was exported to South Korea, and the Korean commodity inspection department opened the box and found that the inner packaging materials of the products did not comply with the environmental protection regulations promulgated by the Korean government. Therefore, it is claimed that the environmental protection tax must be levied on this batch of products. The export head office received timely news and quickly agreed with the company to improve packaging, which made the business a smooth transaction.
In fact, the relationship between the environment and trade has long been a concern of WTO parties.
Because trade and environmental issues are often intertwined, it is no longer realistic for WTO parties to leave environmental issues to environmental experts. The World Trade Organization established the Environment and Trade Group in 1992 to study the impact of the environment on trade.
Parties generally believe that in order to avoid conflicts between trade and environmental policies, adequate and timely notification of all measures that may have an impact on trade is to dilute the diffusion method to mitigate its harm.
Causes water pollution (1) The waste is washed by rainwater and flows into the water body and pollutes the surface water; (2) The harmful substances in the waste are leached into the soil and then infiltrated into the ground, causing groundwater pollution; (3) The effect is to blow the waste directly into the water body; (4) artificially put the solid waste directly into the surface water body.
There are many examples of solid waste polluting water bodies, such as the West Rhine region, which is closed by a waterworks that uses groundwater as a source of water due to contamination by solid waste leachate. In China, the tailings ore of Baotou Iron and Steel Company has seriously polluted the downstream water body and groundwater. The fluorine content and salinity of the water are not in line with the chromium slag pollution incident of Jinzhou Ferroalloy Plant. In the 1950s, about 250,000 tons of chromium slag began to accumulate. Due to the lack of anti-seepage measures, water bodies of more than 70 square miles were found to be contaminated by Cr in a few years. The water of more than 1,800 wells of 7 natural cockroaches could not be used for compensation. And the cost of remedial treatment is nearly 40 million yuan. Solid waste causes air pollution: (1) Evaporation and sublimation of the waste itself and chemical changes to release harmful gases; (2) The fine particles in the waste are scattered with the wind, which is aggravated Atmospheric dust pollution; (3) Harmful gases and dust generated during waste transportation treatment, disposal and utilization.
In the Raf Canal area of ​​the United States, the concentration of toxic substances in the atmosphere exceeds the safety standard by 5000 times due to the accumulation of pollutants, including 82 kinds of toxic substances.
China's Baotou City fly ash piles, in the case of four winds, can be stripped 1-1.5 cm, dust flying height of 20-30 meters, the average visual range reduced by 30-70%. In addition, improper accumulation of solid waste will also emit odor. When incineration treatment, secondary pollution will occur. If chlorine, sulfur and nitrogen compounds are burned and converted into corresponding oxides, if there is no air purification device, air pollution will occur due to the production and solid increase of solid waste. The disposal of waste should go through a series of processes such as collection, transportation and treatment. The more the links, the more likely it is to cause problems.
It is often too late to collect or even collect it and transport it to the disposal site in time to pile up in every corner of the city, affecting the city's appearance, obstructing the landscape, affecting people's normal production and living environment, and even spreading diseases. This phenomenon is quite common in China, especially in the summer, watermelon skin disaster often occurs, and cabbage dumps appear in the north in winter, which seriously affects the city appearance. The infestation of feces into the environment without harmless treatment will make it important for the spread of the disease to be edited by Meng Fan. If the government takes action, it will be informed to trading partners as soon as possible, so that traders can take into account the difficulties caused by these measures and adjust them in time before executing the contract, so as to avoid trade disputes. Therefore, the environmental field should be more transparent than other fields, and all parties should establish national-level trade and environmental consultation points to inform all impact measures, and packaging is an important part of the measures taken. This is the most concerned issue of the environment and trade organizations. Because the new packaging rules have had an impact on international trade Traditionally, packaging requirements have only been for public health and safety considerations, but new environmental awareness has emphasized packaging reduction. In many developed industrial countries, reducing the amount of packaging has become an urgent environmental task. More and more countries in the world use new forms of packaging for environmental reasons. The packaging used in countries cannot be identical, and the requirements for packaging vary from country to country. But one thing is the same. It should be determined which packaging measures are environmentally friendly so that environmental objectives can be ensured without disrupting trade.
New packaging requirements lead to new ways of trading. Some countries benefit, while others suffer losses. In order to meet the requirements of foreign trade, China's environmental protection, packaging and other departments have joined hands to strengthen the "green packaging" research and gradually introduce relevant regulations to support and encourage "green packaging."
3 Foreign Green Packaging In 1990, the American Association of Packaging Professionals (IPPO) and the World Packaging Organization (WTO) jointly launched the “International Symposium on Packaging, Economic Development and Environmental Issues†for the first time to rationally link these three factors. Together and extensively conducted the survey, the speakers used a number of examples to illustrate the main strategic role of packaging in environmental protection.
Germany is the first country in the world to pay attention to the recycling and utilization of packaging waste. In 1991, it issued the “Packaging One-V Packaging Waste Treatment Actâ€. Its management objective is: packaging must consider environmental protection, and the packaging materials used. Recycling and utilization; in order to protect goods and sell goods, the quantity and importance of packaging should be kept to a minimum; if the technical conditions permit and are consistent with the relevant provisions of the goods, the packaging must be reused; The conditions of use, packaging materials can be recycled after processing.
Germany adopts the green dot mark for green goods packaging, France uses blue dot marks for European countries such as Britain, Italy, Denmark, etc., and has formulated corresponding packaging laws. 4 The status quo of China's packaging industry After years of development, China's packaging technology has advanced by leaps and bounds. While famous foreign manufacturers have seized the market, they have also attracted their own packaging manufacturers to invest in China. Therefore, in China, no matter how advanced packaging products can be produced. On the one hand, China's packaging technology is almost in sync with the world; on the other hand, most Chinese goods have already used packaging products that are far from the world's similar products. At present, the use of "green packaging" is still largely foreign trade in China. Exports are forced to choose.
5 To create a “green packaging†project In the Chinese market where there is almost no pressure from environmental protection, when can China's own products use green packaging in a large amount? The author believes that we should base ourselves on the national conditions and implement the following aspects from China. "Green Packaging" Project: 5.1 Formulating Green Packaging Regulations While limiting the production of toxic, harmful packaging materials that cause packaging pollution, it is imperative to formulate regulations on waste recycling and use of packaging at a low level for promotion and solicitation. The demand rises to a concern for society, especially for human existence. Strengthen the management of green packaging in accordance with the law, give preferential tax on green packaging, and encourage enterprises to adopt green packaging 5.2 moderate packaging. Minimize packaging materials while preserving the contents. Generally, packaging accounts for 15% of the interior. Develop high-performance packaging materials to replace traditional packaging, such as multi-layer composite packaging materials with high-air-tight materials as barrier layers; use high-quality packaging materials, paper tableware, etc. from China's rich sand willow, straw, and hemp rods.
5.3 Recycling and packaging. Foreign countries have begun to research and recycle recycling and recycling technology for spray cans and cans. The recycling rate of glass bottles has reached 90% in Japan and 60% in northern Europe. Some alcohol bottles can be reused more than 8 times and 5.4 recycled. Comprehensive utilization. According to the EU regulations, the recycling of packaging waste should reach 60% within 5 years and 90% within 10 years. The recycling of PET plastic aluminum cans has achieved industrialization. There is still a big gap in China.
Several methods to identify the toxicity of plastic bags *Weishan County Environmental Protection Bureau Zhou Enquan Wang Yun in the convenience of the majority of consumers at the same time you know its ingredients and toxicity, it is generally made of M plastic: a class It is non-toxic and can be used for packaging foods made of raw materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene and melamine. "One type of polyvinyl chloride is toxic. It can never be used for food packaging. It can be used to make plastic raincoats, plastic shoes and clothes bags. The class is a recycled plastic bag made of recycled plastic that can only be used for garbage and not directly imported.
Whether the plastic bag is toxic or not can be identified by the following simple methods: the non-toxic plastic bag is milky white or colorless and transparent. The toxic plastic bag is dark and basically a recycled bag. Due to the complexity of the recycling source of waste plastics, it is difficult to ensure that the residues on the washing and recycling products are often covered with a large amount of dark pigment.
Put the plastic bag into the water and put it into the water. After putting it into the water, it can float out of the water and the toxic plastic bag will not float.
Non-toxic plastic bags when hand touched have a lubricated surface like a waxy toxic plastic bag. The color is turbid or pale yellow.
Grab the plastic bag and shake it vigorously. The sound is crisp and toxic.
Non-toxic plastic bag The flammable flame tip is yellow and partially cyan. When it is burnt like wax, it is dripping with paraffin. The poisonous plastic bag is not flammable. The flame is extinguished. The flame tip is yellow and the bottom is green and soft.
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