In nature, clay is rich and cheap, but it can become a key component of a super capacitor. According to the report of the Physicist Organization Network on September 3, scientists at Rice University in the US mixed a mixture of clay and an electrolyte to develop a “composite board†that can be used as an electrolyte and can be used as a separator. A new type of high temperature super capacitor. The relevant papers were published online on September 3 in the Nature Science Report.
"For many years, researchers have been trying to create energy storage devices that can work stably under high temperature conditions such as batteries and super capacitors, but due to the nature of traditional materials, they have not been able to overcome the difficulties." Rico Aghan said, "Our innovation has been to find a non-conventional electrolyte/separator system that can be stable at high temperatures."
They studied a room temperature ionic liquid (RTILs) developed by European and Austrian scientists in 2009. RTILs have low conductivity at room temperature, but the viscosity decreases and the conductivity increases after heating. Clay has high thermal stability, adsorption capacity and permeability, and its active surface area is also large. Usually used in oil drilling, modern construction or steel casting.
The researchers mixed the RTILs with the natural bentonite clay to make a mixed glue, which was sandwiched between two layers of reduced graphite oxide and loaded with two current collectors up and down to become a super capacitor. Tested and electron microscopy images showed that this material did not change when heated to 200°C, and there was only a small change even when heated to 300°C.
"The ionic conductivity of the material increases almost linearly before 180°C and then reaches saturation at 200°C," said the author of the paper, Alava Reidi, a researcher at Rice University's Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science. The test also found that although there was a slight drop in capacity during the first charge/discharge, this supercapacitor passed the 10,000 cycle test stably. After the operating temperature increases from room temperature to 200°C, both the power and the power density increase by two orders of magnitude.
This new type of supercapacitor has the best capacitance performance and can be charged in a matter of seconds and instantaneously discharged. The general rechargeable battery is slowly charged and gradually discharged as required. The ideal supercapacitor can be quickly charged, stored and discharged on demand. Agan said that they can work stably at 200°C and possibly even higher temperatures. This is very useful for charging equipment used in extreme environments, such as oil drilling, military and space environment.
The team also combined RTILs/clay with a small amount of thermoplastic polyurethane to create a thin film that can be cut into different sizes and shapes to accommodate a variety of device designs.
"Our goal is to overcome the limitations of traditional liquid or colloidal electrolytes. They can only be used in low-voltage electrochemical energy equipment." Reidy said, "This study allows people to safely operate in a wider temperature range, and There is no compromise between energy, power and cycle life, which greatly improves or even eliminates the need for expensive thermal management systems.†(Chang Lijun)
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