Xi'an Decoration Classroom Cheats - Service Dispute Both parties had one move: The repair service after the renovation was incomplete or did not fulfill the quality promise.
After the renovation was completed, the decoration company should have been repaired in time according to the contract. However, some decoration companies have shied away from the problem, either perfunctory or attached conditions. There is also no repair company warranty during the warranty period.
Round two: noise in construction disturbs people.
Keywords: Economic Dispute, Both Sides Responsible for Round I: Decoration Company raises prices arbitrarily for items that are temporarily added during the renovation process.
Round II: The decoration company did not complete the schedule according to the duration of the project. Consumers refused to pay the interim payment, and the suspension of the decoration company caused a dispute.
Resolving disputes through multiple mediations is the preferred choice Once a decoration dispute arises, the following four methods should be used to resolve the dispute.
Approach 1: The parties negotiate on their own.
Pathway 2: Competent authorities or market mediation.
The organizations that can receive complaints from consumers mainly include the construction administrative department of the decoration company or individual, the building decoration association,
In its internal stalls set a home market, etc. In addition, consumer associations also accept such complaints. Most organizations that receive complaints will adopt mediation methods to resolve disputes. If no agreement is reached or the agreement is not fulfilled, arbitration is filed or the court is sued.
Pathway 3: Arbitration.
If both parties in the contract stipulate an arbitration clause in the contract or sign an arbitration agreement, both parties may apply to the arbitration agency for arbitration.
Route 4: Litigation.
The top five reasons for home improvement supervision are the top reasons. Home improvement owners can request home improvement supervision to help protect the interests and legal rights of home improvement consumers. The benefits of home improvement consumers reflect home decoration is to obtain a reasonable price, meet the quality requirements of decorative materials, in line with the requirements of the industry standards of decoration quality, thoughtful and enthusiastic quality service, and these four aspects are some decoration companies can not do He has to make high profits. He has to spend a lot of advertising expenses. He has to spend a lot of money to support the team to support the construction workers. Therefore, the renovation price is high, the quality of the decoration materials cannot be guaranteed, and the construction work cannot be improved. To correct these problems, we must rely on professional decoration supervision to help owners check, help owners limit the price, agreed on decorative materials, test material quality supervision of construction quality.
The second major reason is that home improvement owners do not understand decoration professionals, and they should ask for decoration supervision. Many of the home improvement owners complaining about consumer complaints have mostly little knowledge of home improvement, and some do not even understand the basic knowledge of home improvement. This is more likely to be used by those decorative companies who are blinded by their interests. Some homeowners tend to swindle those who don't understand home improvement and don't understand the decoration and professional customers. It is also difficult for those who really understand how to decorate. Therefore, please cooperate with those who do not understand the decoration of the best user in advance, please decorate the supervision. In commissioned supervision
Of the 4,000 people, 60% did not go for supervision because they did not understand the decoration.
For the third reason, home improvement owners are too busy to take care of the decoration and should also ask for decoration supervision. Quite a few complaints from owners are due to the fact that the employees are busy with work or have a long business trip. They are resident in the field and they have no time to attend to a series of quality disputes concerning the decoration in their homes. For example, concealment works, ceiling construction, strong surface coatings, fine woodwork It is easy to make mistakes. If you do not have two or three idlers "supervising workers" and do not have the ability to check the construction quality, the Consumers Association advises these owners to ask the decoration supervisors to serve as "supervision workers" for you and become the "protector" of your home improvement. The person in charge of supervision will not affect normal work and will not affect the business trip or traveling. The main benefit of supervision is to reduce consumer risk and reduce disputes in home improvement.
The fourth-largest reason, home improvement owners want to worry, easy and easy home renovation, decoration supervision should also be invited. Many home improvement
196
The owners responded that the family is not idle, nor is it a bit of decoration knowledge, nor does it mean that home improvement is too tired, too worrying, too complicated and too strenuous, so just go to the decoration supervision to help, refused to millions of home supervision company News Center statistics Among the more than 4,000 home improvement owners, one-third of the owners did not want to worry about the need to go to the supervision. How can decoration supervision help the user to save trouble? Mr. Xu Guozhong, president of Million Homeland Management Co., Ltd., said that the supervision company helped the owner to review the decoration company to prevent irregular enterprises and illegal guerrillas from intervening in the decoration. The supervision company helped the owner to review the design proposal and decoration quotation to prevent overestimation of the counterfeit and missing issues. The supervision company helps the owner to agree on the brand, grade, specification, origin, purchase scope, and quality of the inspection materials for the decoration materials, and help the owner to check the quality of the project in stages. Therefore, the owner can easily engage in decoration.
The fifth-largest reason, home improvement owners want to save money, they should ask for decoration supervision. Some landowners plan to save money and do not look for supervision. Instead, they look for illegal guerrillas on the roadside. As a result, the decoration quality is not qualified, and even criminal cases such as theft and being hit are found. The Consumers Association advised the owners who want to save money to decorate. The best measure is to ask the supervisor. Why does it cost money to ask the supervisor to save money? Mr. Xie Hengzeng, director of Million Homeland Supervision Company, said: This kind of money saving is based on breadth. Specifically, the supervisor helps the user to sign a formal, reasonable and standard decoration contract to prevent the home improvement company from defrauding the owner and preventing the owner from spending money. It is a way to save money; the supervisor helps the owner to review the renovation plan and quotation, to prevent overestimation of the counterfeiting and unlimited random additions, so that the user pays a reasonable renovation price, which is also a kind of saving money; the supervision company helps the owner to test the decoration Materials, to prevent counterfeit materials from entering the construction site, allowing users to renovate the real value for money, spend the same amount of money without fake materials, and use real materials. The use of genuine talent is, of course, a cost-saving measure. In addition, the supervision company helps the owner to check the quality of the decoration, so that the owner can complete the renovation once and successfully, reducing disputes, reducing incidents, and reducing the owner’s expenses. This is more economical. which performed.
Renovation, pollution, and pollution problems in recent years, after a few years of exposing and speculating, are already a hot topic. Of course, the author can not but mix this topic.
The pollution problem of home improvement mainly focuses on three aspects: formaldehyde, helium, and TDI. Before talking about these topics, first of all, of course, we must first understand what these words mean.
First, formaldehyde talks about formaldehyde. We have to know what exactly is formaldehyde. Formaldehyde, molecular formula HCOH, is a colorless, irritating gas. Specific gravity 0.815 (-20 °C), melting point -92 °C, boiling point -19.5 °C, burning point of about 300 °C; soluble in water and ethanol, strong reduction in alkaline solution. Its 40% aqueous formaldehyde solution is called "formalin" and its boiling point is 1
9 degrees, it is very volatile at room temperature, even more heat.
Formaldehyde is an important organic chemical raw material, widely used in resin synthesis, engineering plastics polyoxymethylene, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, dyes and other industries, mainly used as a disinfectant, but also for the adhesive is urotropine, phenolic resin, urea formaldehyde resin , Synthetic resin, synthetic fiber, engineering plastic polyoxymethylene, trimethylol propane and other raw materials.
The national safety standards for formaldehyde are as follows:
1. The maximum allowable concentration of air is 0.08mg/m for human health.
2. The content of formaldehyde in solid wood composite flooring is: formaldehyde emission of Class A solid wood composite floor is less than or equal to 9 mg/100
Grams (9mg/100g); Formaldehyde release from Class B solid wood flooring is greater than 9 mg - 40 mg/100 g (9 mg - 40 mg)
/100g)
3. The formaldehyde emission in the artificial board should be less than 0.20 mg/m3 (0.20 mg/m3);
4. The formaldehyde emission from the wooden floor should be less than 0.12 mg/m3 (0.12 mg/m3).
The main hazards of formaldehyde:
197
When the indoor content is 01 mg/m3, there is odor and discomfort; 0.5 mg/m3 can irritate the eyes and cause tearing; 0.6 mg/m3 can cause throat discomfort or pain; high concentrations can cause nausea Vomiting, coughing, chest tightness,
Asthma, and even pulmonary edema. Long-term exposure to low-dose formaldehyde can cause respiratory diseases and even nasopharyngeal cancer.
Two, er, is definitely a new term. If not everyone is hyping it, this word may only be used by physics/chemists.
So we have to understand what it is.
In fact, it is the 86th element of the periodic table of elements, it is located in the sixth cycle of the zero family, the element name Rn. Inert gas. In nature, there are three isotopes 222Rn, 220Rn and 219Rn, commonly referred to as 222Rn. 222Rn is an intermediate product in the decay series of natural radioactive elements, with a half-life of 3.825 days. The parent element of thorium is uranium, and the uranium decays. Produce defects.
Here, we can understand at least two things:
1. Wolfberry is a natural substance.
2. Sputum is radioactive.
The main hazards of cockroaches:
Earthworms are almost omnipresent, including soil, water, stone, other construction and decorative materials that may contain more or less defects.
æ°¡ colorless and odorless, super-scalar radioactivity will increase the incidence of lung cancer, TDI
TDI (toluene diisocyanate/toluene diisocyanate). Toluene diisocyanate is one of the commonly used polyisocyanates, and the polyisocyanate is a polyurethane (PU) material and an important base material. The most commonly used TDI in the polyurethane industry is 2,4-TDI and
The mixture of 2,6-TDI isomers with a mass ratio of 80.20 is mainly used to produce flexible polyurethane foams and polyurethane elastomers.
Coatings, adhesives, etc.
The main hazards of TDI:
TDI is mainly present in the paint project during the renovation. Excessive TDI beyond the standard will cause harm to the human body. Free TDI
The main hazards to the human body are sensitization and irritant effects, including painful tearing, conjunctival hyperemia, coughing and chest tightness, and shortness of breath.
Red papules, rashes, contact allergic dermatitis and other symptoms. International restrictions on free TDI are controlled at 0.5%
the following.
Decoration pollution summary:
By understanding the concept, the problem is clear.
I. About formaldehyde:
Formaldehyde is a basic chemical material. It is inevitable that the materials contained in the materials contain formaldehyde. The question is what its content is.
For this aspect, the country has already had a safety standard for related products. Therefore, to buy some quality products in large shopping centers that have a good reputation, do not try to make themselves suffer.
Second, we have learned that we are almost omnipresent, but we really need to achieve a certain dose of threat to the human body, and there is no need to talk about it. We know that the sun is the largest emitter in the world. The radioactivity of helium is far less than that of the sun. Can we live independently of the sun? People are creatures. Any living being has the limit of life. Some people think that flood control can achieve the result of longevity. It can only be deceiving oneself. We can reduce the harm of earthworms, but we can never isolate ourselves from them.
Third, on TDI
198
Like formaldehyde, TDI is also a basic chemical material. Its existence is also normal. Buy some
A product with a low level of TDI is the only way, but if you want to avoid it completely, then unless you go back to the original forest (the original forest may have a natural problem).
The magic of dealing with the decoration of the highest two kinds of pollution:
1, purchase the goods.
2. During the decoration process and within one month after renovation, try to maintain indoor ventilation and minimize the amount of harmful substances in the room.
There are some people who, based on the purpose of making profits, out of context to exaggerate the seriousness of pollution problems, will ultimately be futile.
Checkpoint summary Summary of the acceptance of new houses: After getting the house, many people do not know how to accept, and some people think that the quality inspection station has been accepted, and the owner's re-acceptance has been suspected of excessive action. In fact, in many cases, you do not accept the test, you have to be under the house. Just find the problem before signing, you will be more convenient to pursue the developer's responsibility.
As a layman, how to check the house? Of course, the items listed here are effective for acceptance of any type of house, including acceptance of commercial offices:
1. When you look at the wall, you don’t know when it started. Looking at the wall turned out to be the primary issue for housing acceptance. In fact, even houses built in the 1980s are not as fragile as current houses. I have seen the most serious house. The window has found water seepage on a rainy day. When I asked it, I realized that all the walls under the windows of the entire building had water seepage. When the typhoon approached, it was even more alarming. What was even more astonishing was that this building was built by the Land and Resources Bureau of a district and it was terrible. So, acceptance of this,
It is best to visit the house on the second day of heavy rain before the house is handed over. If there is a problem with the wall at this time, it is almost insignificant.
In addition to the seepage of water in the walls, there is a problem that the wall is cracked. A friend once reflected that his family had a crack in a door shape. Later, he asked the developer to know that it was originally an elevator freight port left behind during construction. Later, when it was sealed up, it was handled in a sloppy manner to stay in trouble.
2. The first test of hydropower is to check whether the hydropower of the house is open. Of course, for some high-end renovations, most of the hydropower will be replaced in the later period, so sometimes these are not critical, but if you do not plan to replace water and electricity, then these things must be carefully accepted.
Check the wire, in addition to see if there is electricity, the main thing is to see if the wire meets the quality of the national standard. Then the cross-sectional area of ​​the wire meets the requirements. In general, the home's wires should not be less than 2.5 square meters, air-conditioning lines should reach 4 squares, or use air conditioners, it is easy to overheat and soften. Of course, this is an ideal configuration, and most civil cables will be one grade worse.
3, waterproof waterproof said here, refers to the kitchen and toilet waterproof. Of course, some of the houses that are currently delivered have already declared that they have not done waterproofing. This requires renovation. If waterproofing is already done at the time of delivery, we have to verify whether the waterproofing is done well. If you don't try it before the renovation, then if you find something leaking when you finish it, then the maintenance project will be big. You have to remove the floor that has been renovated to make a new waterproof layer. The method of acceptance of waterproofing is: using cement mortar as a door to block the toilet, and then cover it with a plastic bag, then put it in a solid state, and then put the water in the toilet, shallow (about 2cm high) ). Then, the owners downstairs check the ceiling of their home toilet after 24 hours. The main locations for water leakage are: direct leakage of the floor slab; contact between the pipeline and the floor.
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4. The pipeline referred to here is the drainage/pollution pipeline. Utah is a sewage outlet such as a balcony. When it is accepted, take a water-filled appliance in advance and pour water into the outlet. See if the water is flowing smoothly. Why do you have to accept this? Because during construction, some workers often “stolen†this work when cleaning. Put some cement residue into the drain and run away. If the cement is more viscous, it will clog at the elbow and cause drainage difficulties.
There is another situation, but it is not related to acceptance. That is to look at whether the sewage pipe has water storage deodorant elbow. According to experience, if the sewage pipe does not contain water and deodorant elbow, then the overall quality of the house will have to hit 12 points. Why do the sewage pipes need such elbows, because the elbows will store water so that the smell from the lower pipes will be blocked under this layer.
Without an elbow, the laundry outlets and toilet drains emit a odor. There may be developers who think that the use of anti-odor floor drains will work. The practice of the project has proved that the deodorant floor drain is far from meeting actual needs. And because of this small place, it is often best to reflect the construction quality of the builders.
5, to test the level of its experimental income, for the general user is a certain degree of difficulty. Ground leveling is the measurement of the horizontal error between the floor and the ground in the doorway that is furthest away from the entrance. Examine this, many times can also reflect the developer's construction quality.
Because as the owner, it is impossible to accept the main structure. Then we can only look at the quality from these details. The method of measurement If you do not bother, then the method is quite simple.
Go to the hardware store and buy a small transparent water pipe, about 20 meters in length, then fill it with water. First draw a sign 0.5 meters or 1 meter off the ground at the door. Then adjust the level of the water pipe to the height of this sign and find someone to fix it in this position. Then move the other end of the hose to the room furthest from the door. Then look at the height of the water pipe at the place, and then make another sign.
Then use a ruler to measure how high this mark is off the ground. The difference in these two levels is the difference in the level of the house. You can also use this method to analogically measure the level difference in the entire house.
In general, if the difference is about 2 cm, 3 cm is acceptable. If you go out of this range, you have to pay attention. I have seen the worst level difference reach 7 cm. After the measurement, I thought I was measuring wrong. The above work is a bit cumbersome. If you have a friend who owns a laser-sweeping instrument, this problem will be solved much more.
6, check the height if your contract has this one clause. Then you should measure the height of the building. The method is very simple, measuring the feet along the inside of the two corners of the wall (this is the most convenient way to place long feet without bending), you should measure the indoor multiple places. In general, about 2.65 meters is the acceptable range. If the house is lower than 2.6 meters, then the house has to be considered. This kind of house will make you have to live in a depressing environment in the future. Doing short heights is a very effective cost-saving method for developers. 1) Reduce the total weight, so that the cost of the basic part can be saved.
2) Although it is only about 10 centimeters or less, the overall cost savings are many, and it is still a lot for residential developments. 3) At a certain height, lowering the floor height can create more layers.
7, inspection doors and windows here is still dominated by the acceptance window. The key point of acceptance is the sealing of the acceptance window and the balcony door. The most troublesome aspect of the window's sealability acceptance is that it can only be tried and tested in heavy rain. However, it can generally be confirmed by checking whether the sealant tape is intact and firm. The balcony door generally depends on the level difference between the interior and exterior of the balcony door. I have seen a situation where the level of the balcony is the same as the level of the interior, so that it is difficult to avoid the problem of rain infiltration in heavy rain.
8. Other Projects In fact, in addition to the above-mentioned projects, other inspections require more professional knowledge. You may wish to bring a more decoration knowledge, please visit:
Xi'an Decoration Class Main Station: http://
Xi'an Decoration Classroom Video Station: http://
Xi'an Decoration Classroom Interactive Community: http://029zx.topzj.com
After the renovation was completed, the decoration company should have been repaired in time according to the contract. However, some decoration companies have shied away from the problem, either perfunctory or attached conditions. There is also no repair company warranty during the warranty period.
Round two: noise in construction disturbs people.
Keywords: Economic Dispute, Both Sides Responsible for Round I: Decoration Company raises prices arbitrarily for items that are temporarily added during the renovation process.
Round II: The decoration company did not complete the schedule according to the duration of the project. Consumers refused to pay the interim payment, and the suspension of the decoration company caused a dispute.
Resolving disputes through multiple mediations is the preferred choice Once a decoration dispute arises, the following four methods should be used to resolve the dispute.
Approach 1: The parties negotiate on their own.
Pathway 2: Competent authorities or market mediation.
The organizations that can receive complaints from consumers mainly include the construction administrative department of the decoration company or individual, the building decoration association,
In its internal stalls set a home market, etc. In addition, consumer associations also accept such complaints. Most organizations that receive complaints will adopt mediation methods to resolve disputes. If no agreement is reached or the agreement is not fulfilled, arbitration is filed or the court is sued.
Pathway 3: Arbitration.
If both parties in the contract stipulate an arbitration clause in the contract or sign an arbitration agreement, both parties may apply to the arbitration agency for arbitration.
Route 4: Litigation.
The top five reasons for home improvement supervision are the top reasons. Home improvement owners can request home improvement supervision to help protect the interests and legal rights of home improvement consumers. The benefits of home improvement consumers reflect home decoration is to obtain a reasonable price, meet the quality requirements of decorative materials, in line with the requirements of the industry standards of decoration quality, thoughtful and enthusiastic quality service, and these four aspects are some decoration companies can not do He has to make high profits. He has to spend a lot of advertising expenses. He has to spend a lot of money to support the team to support the construction workers. Therefore, the renovation price is high, the quality of the decoration materials cannot be guaranteed, and the construction work cannot be improved. To correct these problems, we must rely on professional decoration supervision to help owners check, help owners limit the price, agreed on decorative materials, test material quality supervision of construction quality.
The second major reason is that home improvement owners do not understand decoration professionals, and they should ask for decoration supervision. Many of the home improvement owners complaining about consumer complaints have mostly little knowledge of home improvement, and some do not even understand the basic knowledge of home improvement. This is more likely to be used by those decorative companies who are blinded by their interests. Some homeowners tend to swindle those who don't understand home improvement and don't understand the decoration and professional customers. It is also difficult for those who really understand how to decorate. Therefore, please cooperate with those who do not understand the decoration of the best user in advance, please decorate the supervision. In commissioned supervision
Of the 4,000 people, 60% did not go for supervision because they did not understand the decoration.
For the third reason, home improvement owners are too busy to take care of the decoration and should also ask for decoration supervision. Quite a few complaints from owners are due to the fact that the employees are busy with work or have a long business trip. They are resident in the field and they have no time to attend to a series of quality disputes concerning the decoration in their homes. For example, concealment works, ceiling construction, strong surface coatings, fine woodwork It is easy to make mistakes. If you do not have two or three idlers "supervising workers" and do not have the ability to check the construction quality, the Consumers Association advises these owners to ask the decoration supervisors to serve as "supervision workers" for you and become the "protector" of your home improvement. The person in charge of supervision will not affect normal work and will not affect the business trip or traveling. The main benefit of supervision is to reduce consumer risk and reduce disputes in home improvement.
The fourth-largest reason, home improvement owners want to worry, easy and easy home renovation, decoration supervision should also be invited. Many home improvement
196
The owners responded that the family is not idle, nor is it a bit of decoration knowledge, nor does it mean that home improvement is too tired, too worrying, too complicated and too strenuous, so just go to the decoration supervision to help, refused to millions of home supervision company News Center statistics Among the more than 4,000 home improvement owners, one-third of the owners did not want to worry about the need to go to the supervision. How can decoration supervision help the user to save trouble? Mr. Xu Guozhong, president of Million Homeland Management Co., Ltd., said that the supervision company helped the owner to review the decoration company to prevent irregular enterprises and illegal guerrillas from intervening in the decoration. The supervision company helped the owner to review the design proposal and decoration quotation to prevent overestimation of the counterfeit and missing issues. The supervision company helps the owner to agree on the brand, grade, specification, origin, purchase scope, and quality of the inspection materials for the decoration materials, and help the owner to check the quality of the project in stages. Therefore, the owner can easily engage in decoration.
The fifth-largest reason, home improvement owners want to save money, they should ask for decoration supervision. Some landowners plan to save money and do not look for supervision. Instead, they look for illegal guerrillas on the roadside. As a result, the decoration quality is not qualified, and even criminal cases such as theft and being hit are found. The Consumers Association advised the owners who want to save money to decorate. The best measure is to ask the supervisor. Why does it cost money to ask the supervisor to save money? Mr. Xie Hengzeng, director of Million Homeland Supervision Company, said: This kind of money saving is based on breadth. Specifically, the supervisor helps the user to sign a formal, reasonable and standard decoration contract to prevent the home improvement company from defrauding the owner and preventing the owner from spending money. It is a way to save money; the supervisor helps the owner to review the renovation plan and quotation, to prevent overestimation of the counterfeiting and unlimited random additions, so that the user pays a reasonable renovation price, which is also a kind of saving money; the supervision company helps the owner to test the decoration Materials, to prevent counterfeit materials from entering the construction site, allowing users to renovate the real value for money, spend the same amount of money without fake materials, and use real materials. The use of genuine talent is, of course, a cost-saving measure. In addition, the supervision company helps the owner to check the quality of the decoration, so that the owner can complete the renovation once and successfully, reducing disputes, reducing incidents, and reducing the owner’s expenses. This is more economical. which performed.
Renovation, pollution, and pollution problems in recent years, after a few years of exposing and speculating, are already a hot topic. Of course, the author can not but mix this topic.
The pollution problem of home improvement mainly focuses on three aspects: formaldehyde, helium, and TDI. Before talking about these topics, first of all, of course, we must first understand what these words mean.
First, formaldehyde talks about formaldehyde. We have to know what exactly is formaldehyde. Formaldehyde, molecular formula HCOH, is a colorless, irritating gas. Specific gravity 0.815 (-20 °C), melting point -92 °C, boiling point -19.5 °C, burning point of about 300 °C; soluble in water and ethanol, strong reduction in alkaline solution. Its 40% aqueous formaldehyde solution is called "formalin" and its boiling point is 1
9 degrees, it is very volatile at room temperature, even more heat.
Formaldehyde is an important organic chemical raw material, widely used in resin synthesis, engineering plastics polyoxymethylene, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, dyes and other industries, mainly used as a disinfectant, but also for the adhesive is urotropine, phenolic resin, urea formaldehyde resin , Synthetic resin, synthetic fiber, engineering plastic polyoxymethylene, trimethylol propane and other raw materials.
The national safety standards for formaldehyde are as follows:
1. The maximum allowable concentration of air is 0.08mg/m for human health.
2. The content of formaldehyde in solid wood composite flooring is: formaldehyde emission of Class A solid wood composite floor is less than or equal to 9 mg/100
Grams (9mg/100g); Formaldehyde release from Class B solid wood flooring is greater than 9 mg - 40 mg/100 g (9 mg - 40 mg)
/100g)
3. The formaldehyde emission in the artificial board should be less than 0.20 mg/m3 (0.20 mg/m3);
4. The formaldehyde emission from the wooden floor should be less than 0.12 mg/m3 (0.12 mg/m3).
The main hazards of formaldehyde:
197
When the indoor content is 01 mg/m3, there is odor and discomfort; 0.5 mg/m3 can irritate the eyes and cause tearing; 0.6 mg/m3 can cause throat discomfort or pain; high concentrations can cause nausea Vomiting, coughing, chest tightness,
Asthma, and even pulmonary edema. Long-term exposure to low-dose formaldehyde can cause respiratory diseases and even nasopharyngeal cancer.
Two, er, is definitely a new term. If not everyone is hyping it, this word may only be used by physics/chemists.
So we have to understand what it is.
In fact, it is the 86th element of the periodic table of elements, it is located in the sixth cycle of the zero family, the element name Rn. Inert gas. In nature, there are three isotopes 222Rn, 220Rn and 219Rn, commonly referred to as 222Rn. 222Rn is an intermediate product in the decay series of natural radioactive elements, with a half-life of 3.825 days. The parent element of thorium is uranium, and the uranium decays. Produce defects.
Here, we can understand at least two things:
1. Wolfberry is a natural substance.
2. Sputum is radioactive.
The main hazards of cockroaches:
Earthworms are almost omnipresent, including soil, water, stone, other construction and decorative materials that may contain more or less defects.
æ°¡ colorless and odorless, super-scalar radioactivity will increase the incidence of lung cancer, TDI
TDI (toluene diisocyanate/toluene diisocyanate). Toluene diisocyanate is one of the commonly used polyisocyanates, and the polyisocyanate is a polyurethane (PU) material and an important base material. The most commonly used TDI in the polyurethane industry is 2,4-TDI and
The mixture of 2,6-TDI isomers with a mass ratio of 80.20 is mainly used to produce flexible polyurethane foams and polyurethane elastomers.
Coatings, adhesives, etc.
The main hazards of TDI:
TDI is mainly present in the paint project during the renovation. Excessive TDI beyond the standard will cause harm to the human body. Free TDI
The main hazards to the human body are sensitization and irritant effects, including painful tearing, conjunctival hyperemia, coughing and chest tightness, and shortness of breath.
Red papules, rashes, contact allergic dermatitis and other symptoms. International restrictions on free TDI are controlled at 0.5%
the following.
Decoration pollution summary:
By understanding the concept, the problem is clear.
I. About formaldehyde:
Formaldehyde is a basic chemical material. It is inevitable that the materials contained in the materials contain formaldehyde. The question is what its content is.
For this aspect, the country has already had a safety standard for related products. Therefore, to buy some quality products in large shopping centers that have a good reputation, do not try to make themselves suffer.
Second, we have learned that we are almost omnipresent, but we really need to achieve a certain dose of threat to the human body, and there is no need to talk about it. We know that the sun is the largest emitter in the world. The radioactivity of helium is far less than that of the sun. Can we live independently of the sun? People are creatures. Any living being has the limit of life. Some people think that flood control can achieve the result of longevity. It can only be deceiving oneself. We can reduce the harm of earthworms, but we can never isolate ourselves from them.
Third, on TDI
198
Like formaldehyde, TDI is also a basic chemical material. Its existence is also normal. Buy some
A product with a low level of TDI is the only way, but if you want to avoid it completely, then unless you go back to the original forest (the original forest may have a natural problem).
The magic of dealing with the decoration of the highest two kinds of pollution:
1, purchase the goods.
2. During the decoration process and within one month after renovation, try to maintain indoor ventilation and minimize the amount of harmful substances in the room.
There are some people who, based on the purpose of making profits, out of context to exaggerate the seriousness of pollution problems, will ultimately be futile.
Checkpoint summary Summary of the acceptance of new houses: After getting the house, many people do not know how to accept, and some people think that the quality inspection station has been accepted, and the owner's re-acceptance has been suspected of excessive action. In fact, in many cases, you do not accept the test, you have to be under the house. Just find the problem before signing, you will be more convenient to pursue the developer's responsibility.
As a layman, how to check the house? Of course, the items listed here are effective for acceptance of any type of house, including acceptance of commercial offices:
1. When you look at the wall, you don’t know when it started. Looking at the wall turned out to be the primary issue for housing acceptance. In fact, even houses built in the 1980s are not as fragile as current houses. I have seen the most serious house. The window has found water seepage on a rainy day. When I asked it, I realized that all the walls under the windows of the entire building had water seepage. When the typhoon approached, it was even more alarming. What was even more astonishing was that this building was built by the Land and Resources Bureau of a district and it was terrible. So, acceptance of this,
It is best to visit the house on the second day of heavy rain before the house is handed over. If there is a problem with the wall at this time, it is almost insignificant.
In addition to the seepage of water in the walls, there is a problem that the wall is cracked. A friend once reflected that his family had a crack in a door shape. Later, he asked the developer to know that it was originally an elevator freight port left behind during construction. Later, when it was sealed up, it was handled in a sloppy manner to stay in trouble.
2. The first test of hydropower is to check whether the hydropower of the house is open. Of course, for some high-end renovations, most of the hydropower will be replaced in the later period, so sometimes these are not critical, but if you do not plan to replace water and electricity, then these things must be carefully accepted.
Check the wire, in addition to see if there is electricity, the main thing is to see if the wire meets the quality of the national standard. Then the cross-sectional area of ​​the wire meets the requirements. In general, the home's wires should not be less than 2.5 square meters, air-conditioning lines should reach 4 squares, or use air conditioners, it is easy to overheat and soften. Of course, this is an ideal configuration, and most civil cables will be one grade worse.
3, waterproof waterproof said here, refers to the kitchen and toilet waterproof. Of course, some of the houses that are currently delivered have already declared that they have not done waterproofing. This requires renovation. If waterproofing is already done at the time of delivery, we have to verify whether the waterproofing is done well. If you don't try it before the renovation, then if you find something leaking when you finish it, then the maintenance project will be big. You have to remove the floor that has been renovated to make a new waterproof layer. The method of acceptance of waterproofing is: using cement mortar as a door to block the toilet, and then cover it with a plastic bag, then put it in a solid state, and then put the water in the toilet, shallow (about 2cm high) ). Then, the owners downstairs check the ceiling of their home toilet after 24 hours. The main locations for water leakage are: direct leakage of the floor slab; contact between the pipeline and the floor.
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4. The pipeline referred to here is the drainage/pollution pipeline. Utah is a sewage outlet such as a balcony. When it is accepted, take a water-filled appliance in advance and pour water into the outlet. See if the water is flowing smoothly. Why do you have to accept this? Because during construction, some workers often “stolen†this work when cleaning. Put some cement residue into the drain and run away. If the cement is more viscous, it will clog at the elbow and cause drainage difficulties.
There is another situation, but it is not related to acceptance. That is to look at whether the sewage pipe has water storage deodorant elbow. According to experience, if the sewage pipe does not contain water and deodorant elbow, then the overall quality of the house will have to hit 12 points. Why do the sewage pipes need such elbows, because the elbows will store water so that the smell from the lower pipes will be blocked under this layer.
Without an elbow, the laundry outlets and toilet drains emit a odor. There may be developers who think that the use of anti-odor floor drains will work. The practice of the project has proved that the deodorant floor drain is far from meeting actual needs. And because of this small place, it is often best to reflect the construction quality of the builders.
5, to test the level of its experimental income, for the general user is a certain degree of difficulty. Ground leveling is the measurement of the horizontal error between the floor and the ground in the doorway that is furthest away from the entrance. Examine this, many times can also reflect the developer's construction quality.
Because as the owner, it is impossible to accept the main structure. Then we can only look at the quality from these details. The method of measurement If you do not bother, then the method is quite simple.
Go to the hardware store and buy a small transparent water pipe, about 20 meters in length, then fill it with water. First draw a sign 0.5 meters or 1 meter off the ground at the door. Then adjust the level of the water pipe to the height of this sign and find someone to fix it in this position. Then move the other end of the hose to the room furthest from the door. Then look at the height of the water pipe at the place, and then make another sign.
Then use a ruler to measure how high this mark is off the ground. The difference in these two levels is the difference in the level of the house. You can also use this method to analogically measure the level difference in the entire house.
In general, if the difference is about 2 cm, 3 cm is acceptable. If you go out of this range, you have to pay attention. I have seen the worst level difference reach 7 cm. After the measurement, I thought I was measuring wrong. The above work is a bit cumbersome. If you have a friend who owns a laser-sweeping instrument, this problem will be solved much more.
6, check the height if your contract has this one clause. Then you should measure the height of the building. The method is very simple, measuring the feet along the inside of the two corners of the wall (this is the most convenient way to place long feet without bending), you should measure the indoor multiple places. In general, about 2.65 meters is the acceptable range. If the house is lower than 2.6 meters, then the house has to be considered. This kind of house will make you have to live in a depressing environment in the future. Doing short heights is a very effective cost-saving method for developers. 1) Reduce the total weight, so that the cost of the basic part can be saved.
2) Although it is only about 10 centimeters or less, the overall cost savings are many, and it is still a lot for residential developments. 3) At a certain height, lowering the floor height can create more layers.
7, inspection doors and windows here is still dominated by the acceptance window. The key point of acceptance is the sealing of the acceptance window and the balcony door. The most troublesome aspect of the window's sealability acceptance is that it can only be tried and tested in heavy rain. However, it can generally be confirmed by checking whether the sealant tape is intact and firm. The balcony door generally depends on the level difference between the interior and exterior of the balcony door. I have seen a situation where the level of the balcony is the same as the level of the interior, so that it is difficult to avoid the problem of rain infiltration in heavy rain.
8. Other Projects In fact, in addition to the above-mentioned projects, other inspections require more professional knowledge. You may wish to bring a more decoration knowledge, please visit:
Xi'an Decoration Class Main Station: http://
Xi'an Decoration Classroom Video Station: http://
Xi'an Decoration Classroom Interactive Community: http://029zx.topzj.com
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