Fertilization of melon vegetables

The melon vegetables include cucumbers, pumpkins, melons, zucchini, bitter gourd, etc. in the cucurbitaceae, which are harvested from tender fruits or old ripe fruits. Melon vegetables can be divided into germination, seedling, flowering and melon. After entering the melon period, the nutrient competition between growth and fruiting is more prominent, and the supply of fertilizer must be emphasized to regulate the balance between plant growth and nutrient absorption and distribution. Melon vegetables are generally suitable for growth on fertile sandy soil or clay loam, and organic fertilizers are ripe for decomposing. Therefore, deep cultivation and application of decomposed organic fertilizer is the basis for the cultivation of bacon and vines.
The nutrient soil of melon vegetables requires loose texture, good gas permeability, sufficient nutrients, and the pH value is in the range of 5.5-7.2. The preparation method refers to the nutrient soil formula of tomato. In the preparation of nutrient soil, the addition of 2%-3% of superphosphate of total nutrient soil has a significant effect on promoting the growth of seedling roots and cultivating strong seedlings. Seedling seedlings are adopted. When transplanting, 2 kg of microbial agent can be transplanted or rooted after application, which can stimulate root growth, increase the survival rate of slow seedlings, and cultivate strong seedlings.
Cucumber roots are mainly distributed in the 15-25 cm plough layer. The salt tolerance is poor. It is not suitable to apply a large amount of chemical fertilizers at one time. Cucumber has a large demand for nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the absorption rate is fast. Therefore, the large-scale application of bio-organic fertilizer is the basis of high-yield cultivation of cucumber. Generally, 80-120 kg of bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu, and 4000-6000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer. The amount of topdressing of cucumber should not be too large, and the number of topdressing should be more. Master the principle of “less meals”. In the initial stage of the melon, the first top dressing was applied, and the urea was applied 7-9 kg (12-15 kg of ammonium sulfate) and 5-8 kg of potassium sulfate. In the early stage of the melon, the second top dressing was carried out, and the interval between the top dressings in the melon period was shortened, combined with irrigation. The third previous top dressing was the same, and each time it was halved. In the fruiting period, it can be sprayed with 0.5% urea and 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
Winter melon cultivation is divided into three kinds of cultivation methods: winter melon, shed winter melon and winter melon. The roots of winter melon are very developed, and the soil layer is required to be deep, so it is necessary to plow 25-35 cm. Before the preparation of the ground, the base fertilizer is applied. Generally, 60-80 kg of bio-organic fertilizer is applied to the mu, and 40-50 kg of superphosphate is applied, and then the caving method is used according to the cultivation method. After planting, it is poured 2-3 times with decomposed manure to promote its long length. When the fruit grows to the size of the fist, the fruit fertilizer is applied once for 1 time, the bio-organic fertilizer is applied for 10-15 kg, and 5 kg of urea is applied. When the first batch of melons was harvested, the second batch of melons was applied for 15-20 kg of bio-organic fertilizer.
The roots of the pumpkin are developed, and the requirements for soil quality are not strict, but its growth period is long and it is fertile and requires deep cultivation. The pumpkin is ditched and fertilized before sowing, and 60-80 kg of bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu. The pumpkin has a long growing season, high yield and high consumption of nutrients. In addition to the application of base fertilizer, it should also be topdressed. The top dressing should be applied in the early stage of the growth; the results should be re-applied. In the seedling stage, the decomposed manure was poured into the main body to prevent the lengthening of the manure and affect the fruit setting. After the result, the plant was applied with 0.5 kg of bio-organic fertilizer to promote fruit hypertrophy.
Bitter gourd is a 1-year-old climbing herb with more developed roots and more lateral roots. Bitter gourd is applied to the ground before planting. Generally, 60-80 kilograms of bio-organic fertilizer is applied to the acre. The bitter gourd grows long and has many female flowers. It can continuously produce melons. It takes a long time to harvest, consumes a large amount of fertilizer, and timely topdresses to supplement nutrients. After the flowering result, combined with watering, the fertilizer is chased once every 15-20 days, and the amount of topdressing is 10-15 kg of urea. As a result, the super-calcium phosphate should be added once in the peak period to prolong the harvesting period, increase the yield and improve the quality.
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